Abstract - A robot/system capable of operating in active pipelines would be of great commercial and industrial benefit. Pipe inspection is necessary to locate defects due to corrosion and wear while the pipe is transporting fluids. Because pipelines are typically buried underground, they are in contact with the soil and subject to corrosion, where the steel pipe wall oxidizes, and effectively reducing wall thickness. Recently many plants' pipes and drains became old and many robots to inspect these pipes were developed in the past. Inspection robots are used in many fields of industry. One application of pipe inspection system is monitoring the inside of the pipes and channels, recognizing and solving problems through the interior of pipes or channels. This paper gives a review of various methods of pipe inspection considering the advantages and disadvantages of existing systems.
Index Terms - Autonomous mobile robot, In-pipe inspection.
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Fig 5: Mechanism of Pipe Inspection Robot
[3] Atul Gargade, Dhanraj Tambuskar, Gajanan Thokal.
In this paper an in-pipe inspection robot has designed that can deal with many kinds of pipes with various diameters (140mm-200mm.) such as plastic pipes or metallic pipes which are in horizontal or vertical manner only for 750 mm distance. The pipe inspection robot is composed of body, fore leg system, rear leg system and springs. Three legs of each leg system are arranged at an angle of 120 degrees to each other to move inside various pipe diameters. By using spring it is able to move freely inside pipes of different diameters. A CCD camera is installed on front part of the fore leg system to do visual inspection of pipe. Fig 6. Pipe inspection robot
Static stress analysis of robot assembly is done in Ansys and analysis results are shown in following figure.
Fig7. Stress analysis of robot assembly
[4] Dana
The farming industry is all about sustainability and production. Farmers provides care to plants and making sure they receive the right amount of care in hopes that they will cultivate enough product that can be distributed around the world. The agricultural revolution which took place between 1860 and 1910 help push the industry forward by providing ways with technology to increase the rate of production by evolving from hand labor to machine labor. The goal of this research is to help push robotics into agriculture. With autonomous robots it will provide a way maintain order and consistency.
Traditional rehabilitation interventions have been only partially successful in achieving motor recovery in this patient population. Therefore, a number of interventions have been recently proposed in an attempt to improve functional outcomes. Intensive upper limb exercise [159], functional electrical stimulation [160], robotic therapy [161, 162], virtual reality [163], and constraint induced movement therapy [164, 165] are some of the approaches recently investigated to improve motor recovery in patients post stroke. Unfortunately, clinical outcomes of upper limb rehabilitation are still unsatisfactory in a large percentage of patients chronically [166].
The measured tensions were normalized relative to the maximum tension and the lengths were normalized relative to the length at which maximum force was generated (Ln = 29 mm). The measured data and expected data were plotted together (Figure 3). Correlation between measured and expected tensions at the same normalized lengths was determined for the three expected segments of the length-tension relationship.2,3,4 This was done using piecewise linear regression and yielded r2isometric = 0.956033. The fitted curve for the isotonic experiment resulted in r2isotonic = 0.960557. The F0 was 19.5 N for the fit and 6.35 N for the guess.
Diesel Mechanic Becoming a diesel mechanic is an extremely rare and overlooked career path. Not everyone is cut out to be a diesel mechanic; it is a very dirty, hands-on job. However, it does not require any book sense. It is simply the understanding of an intricate diesel engine. Being a diesel mechanic is a rewarding career that is a vital part of maintaining much of America’s transport.
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Due to automation and robotics, around five million jobs exist with 300,000 people estimated to already be employed in industrial robotics.
Safety is the number one consideration when it comes to jobs like welding. Welding can be very hazardous to a welder if he or she is not wearing the proper safety gear or taking the proper safety procedures. When welding a number of things could go wrong from explosions and gases and fumes to electrical shocks, burns and more. This paper will describe welding hazards and procedures that can be taken to avoid them. One of the main safety hazards of welding is fumes and gases.
I had first formal exposure to civil engineering in course “Architecture 1”. This course provided me the fundamental concepts of civil architectural principles such as designing procedure, architectural component’s layouts, functional spaces as well as environmental impacts. To strengthen my concepts I pursued the courses “Strength of Materials”, “Structural Mechanics” which gave me essential knowledge about the external and internal forces occuring in simple structural elements under action of various types of loading as well as fundamental concepts in structural analysis such as modellisation, classification of structures. I gained valuable exposure to the analysis of simple structures submitted to compound loadings by the application of the principle of superposition for such cases as: unsymmetric bending, combined bending and tension or compression, combined bending and torsion, general compound loading. Futhermore, I was fascinated by the force method and displacement method for analysis of statically and kinetically indeterminate structures.
In Figure 2.1A, the stress on bridge members as a short truck is much more than that caused by a longer truck as shown in Figure 2.1B, even though both trucks have the same axle weight and total weight. The weight of the shorter truck is concentrated on a small area, while the weight of the longer truck is spread
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Plumbing pipe repair should be handled as quickly as possible.
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Many jobs have become easier by being replaced by robots. Robot are not just the idea of talking mechanical parts as we see in futuristic movies. There are a variety of different types of robotic machines, great majority of them appear in factories and in science technology work fields. Robots in factories help replace a dangerous parts of a job. However, there have been different perspective with robots replacing jobs.
Table 1: 2024T351 Specimen Experimental Data The experimental ultimate tensile strength of 65,507.15 Psi is relatively close to the typical tensile strength of 64,000 Psi with 2.35 percent error. The experimental young's modulus of 10,644,380 Psi is close to the standard elastic modulus of 10,600,000 Psi with 0.42 percent error. Using the graphs, the yield stress was found using a 0.2% offset. The yield stress was found to be about 50,000 Psi, far from the standard 42,000 Psi. This resulted in a 19.05 percent error.