2. DRUG PROFILE
2.1 Description of Pitavastatin:
Pitavastatin is a inhibitor of HMG-CoA enzyme reductase. It is aoral synthetic lipid-lowering agent. The chemical name for Pitavastatin is (+) mono calciumbis {(3R, 5S, 6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-quinolyI]-3,5dihydroxy-6-heptenoate}
The structural formula is:
Figure 05: Pitavastatin Chemical structure
…show more content…
Pitavastatin is slightly unstable in light and hygroscopic. Each film-coated Pitavastatin tablet contains 1.045 mg or 2.09 mg, or 4.18 mg of pitavastatin calcium, which is equivalent to 1 mg or2 mg or 4 mg, respectively of free base and the following inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, hypromellose, magnesium stearate,magnesium alumina meta silicate, low substituted hydroxylpropyl cellulose and film coating containing the following inactive ingredients: titanium dioxide, hypromellose, colloidal anhydrous silica and triethyl citrate.
2.2 Mechanism of Action and Pharmacology:
Pitavastatin drug competitively inhibits HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, which is a rate-determining enzymeinvolved in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, in the manner of competition with a substrate sothat it inhibits cholesterol synthesis process in liver. As a result of it, the expression of LDL-receptorsand followed by the uptake of the LDL from blood to liver is accelerated,and then the plasma TCdecreases. Further, the sustained inhibition of the cholesterol synthesis in liver decreaseslevels of VLDL(very low density lipoproteins).
2.3 Indications and usage:
2.3.1 Primary Hyperlipidemia and Mixed Dyslipidemia:
Pitavastatin is indicated to reduce elevated total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides (TG),Apo lipoprotein B (Apo B), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and to increase HDL-C in adult patients with mixed dyslipidemia or primary
The difference in this chemical and physical properties will aid in their separation. Processes like solubility, gravitational filtration and recrystallization will be used to separate the substances present in Panacetin. The melting and boiling point of the substances will help in concluding on which of these compounds will be presented at the end of experiment. Procedure and observation The Panacetin content was weighed approximately 3.0493g and transferred to the Erlenmeyer flask; 75ml of dichloromethane (CH¬2CL2) was added to the content. The dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) dissolved the sucrose, leaving the active unknown agent and aspirin behind.
According to Progressive Health (1), Cholestoff is formulated using a proprietary blend of plant stanols and stenols called Reducol. The supplement is formulated in the form of a capsule, each containing 900mg of stanols and sterols. The recommended daily dose is 2 capsules. The three top Cholestoff products
One tablet is to be ingested before a meal in order to reduce gas. It contains two enzymes: alpha galactosidase and invertase. Alpha galactosidase (a-galactosidase for short) is an enzyme that helps break down oligosaccharides, or complex carbohydrates,
Percocet Withdrawal Treatment Percocet is a combination of acetaminophen and oxycodone. Acetaminophen is a pain reliever which is less potent but its effect increased when it is combined with oxycodone. Oxycodone is an opioid pain medication. Percocet is often used as a prescription drug to relieve moderate to severe pain. But too much of Percocet dependency leads to addiction of it.
10 Things To Consider While Using Clenbuterol Looking for bodybuilding and have a thought of using Clenbuterol for it? Yes, Clenbuterol is a powerful supplement to use as itself but most of the people prefer using it in a stack which can enhance the overall results. Using Clenbuterol in a stack of several supplements can help you in faster muscle mass increase and also help to cut the weight easily. You can combine it with steroids or supplements such as dieta con clembuterol to achieve the desired result.
Amidst of hassles and struggles of our modern day, we are unable to eat healthy meals. Actually, many people do not even have time to prepare meals. Yet, our bodies still need sufficient amounts of various food groups for them to remain healthy. It is for this reasons that many people have turned to buying nutritional supplements. This way, one can still have their health in check even when they are running against time and on tight schedules.
Praulent, a new cholesterol drug, when used with older statin medicines, help lower risk of heart events and deaths. The results of the big study of heart attack survivors were shared on Saturday at an American College of Cardiology conference in Florida. Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, the makers of Praulent which sponsored the study, said they will work with insurers on pricing to get the drug to those who need it the most. While the benefit may appear small, since 167 people have to take the medication for almost three years to prevent a single death, Dr. Philippe Gabriel Steg, from Hospital Bichat in Paris, pointed out that it is the ultimate outcome that matters to patients. High cost
These prostaglandin chemicals are produced by enzymes called cyclooxygenases (COX). The job of the NSAID is to block the COX enzymes, thus prohibiting it from producing prostaglandins and therefore inflammation is reduced. The purification of the unknown will be done through a process called flash chromatography, a microscale version
INTRODUCTION In our current era, sports is increasingly being incorporated in daily routines of individuals of all ages. Sports requires an enormous amount of energy. Is it possible to replenish this lost energy? Ever since the beginning of athletic competition, competitors have searched for a ‘legal’ tool that has the potential to enhance athletic abilities (speed, stamina, muscular endurance/recovery).
1. Cocaine became popular when it started being used for more and more things as its uses became more and more known. Cocaine use originated around 5000 BECAUSE with the Incans of Peru. Cocaine was used as a stimulant to help the natives get through grueling, long, active days of work. As time went on the plant became an integral part of their lives; used as money, an herb and during religious ceremonies.
Low-density lipoproteins (LDL), known as bad cholesterol, are carrier vesicles that transport cholesterol in the bloodstream. Receptor-mediated endocytosis refers to system in which these LDL bind to receptors, which engulf the ligand into the cell (Alberts, et al., 2010). A protein-coding gene called proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) helps regulate the number of low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR) located on the plasma membrane of a cell (Duan, et al., 2012). This, in turn, balances the amount of LDL that are released from the bloodstream via receptor-mediated endocytosis to maintain cholesterol homeostasis (Tavori, et al., 2013). Cholesterol homeostasis relies strictly on the correlated function of two proteins; LDLR and PCSK9, which can cause familial hypercholesterolemia due to function abnormalities.
Treatment of fever in children is of greatest concern to parents. For the treatment of high temperatures (febrile illness) in children with the use of antipyretic drugs such as acetaminophen (panadol) and ibuprofen is widely available and widespread use among parents buying for their children. It is found based on studies in the journal that ibuprofen is more effective at reducing temperature in children than acetaminophen (panadol). There is a difference between the dosages of the two antipyretic medications. The dosage of acetaminophen (panadol) ranged from 8 mg/kg to 15 mg/kg and for ibuprofen from 5 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg).
Hyperkalemia What is hyperkalemia? Hyperkalemia is the medical term for high serum potassium levels. This is often caused by kidney disease, high dietary potassium intake, increased cell breakdown, insulin insufficiency, and use of certain medications (eg, NSAIDs, beta-blockers). Rapid elevations in potassium or very high potassium levels may produce symptoms such as muscle weakness, paralysis, cardiac arrhythmias, and even death.
Pro-opiomelanocortin MSH Melanocortin HDL High density lipoprotein) VLDL Very low density lipoprotein).
Deca Durabolin (”Deca”) is actually the brand name for Organon´s version of the compound Nandrolone Decanoate. This is a 19-Nor compound (some would say that it is the 19-norcompound), and as such, it shares basically the same characteristics with all of them. One thing unique to Deca, above nearly all steroids, is the mystique it has had for the last quarter of a century. Deca cycles at doses ranging from 100mgs/weekto2, 000mgs per week. First of all, Deca (and Nandrolone in general) doesn´t produce many estrogenic or androgenic side effects.