Plankton Research Paper

The Cambrian explosion was a relatively short evolutionary event which occurred approximately 543 million years ago during the Cambrian period. The Cambrian explosion It is referred to as an explosion because it was during the Cambrian period where there was a mass increase of many different multicellular eukaryotic organisms. Fox Douglas, author of What Sparked the Cambrian Explosion, described the Cambrian explosion as an “evolutionary burst 540 million years ago that filled the seas with an astonishing diversity of animals”. This evolutionary event is believed to have caused the development of an immense amount of many different species whom developed below the water surface. It was during the Cambrian explosion where all but one of the

This had a huge effect on the planktons. Zooplanktons the eat phytoplankton. If there isn’t much phytoplankton for the zooplankton to eat, there numbers will decrease. The article “ The Short‐Term Impact of the Zebra Mussel Invasion,” “phytoplankton fell by 80 percent. Zooplankton (which eat phytoplankton) declined by half.

About 71 percent of our planet Earth is covered by water, and the majority comes from the oceans (about 96.5 percent of all Earth’s water). It remains as the most expansive, diverse, and mysterious places on planet Earth. But it is being threatened by the pollution by people and nature itself. By polluting the habitat of marine organism will indirectly affect the ecosystem of the marine life. Marine life is dying and as the result the oceanic ecosystem is threatened.

The ocean is predicted to have decreased by another 0.3-0.5 units by 2100 from it current ph of 8.1 • Firstly, carbonate ions are used by marine animals such as crabs, lobsters and starfish to form shells and skeletons. • However, as the concentration of hydrogen ions increases and bond with the available carbonate ions to form bicarbonate • This means There are less available carbonate ions for animals to create shells and skeletons. • Scott Doney and his colleagues at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution studied 11 species of which they found that only 2 increased their carbonate building in more acidic

Describe two attributes of the deep sea pelagic ecosystem that pose challenges for its inhabitants. For each of these, identify and describe 2 strategies or adaptations that address these problems. One attribute of the deep sea pelagic ecosystem that poses a challenge for its inhabitants is the hydrostatic pressure. The water pressure in the ocean increases by 1 atm for each ten meters in depth so doing the math the pressure at 11000m or the bottom of the deep sea is around 1,100 atm. These high pressure eliminates the use of a swim bladder, being it would compress the air within the organism and render it useless (Childress et al, 1993).

2. “Sea Sponges are the simplest of multi-cellular organisms (Sponges/ Ocean of Hope).” B. The oldest fossils on the planet are sponges. 1. Sea Sponges have been in the ocean for 600 million years BODY I. Sponge’s belong to the scientific classification “Porifera,” which literally means “pore-bearing,” and refers to the many tiny holes on all sponges.

Sharks have been swimming the world’s oceans for more than 400 million years - 100 years before the first dinosaurs appeared (Griffin et al., 2008). Sharks fall under the kingdom Animalia, the phylum Chordate and the class chondrichthyes. There are more than 400 known shark species found in the ocean (Musick and Musick, 2011). In the ocean, sharks help maintain the health of ocean ecosystems and help regulate and maintain the balance of the marine environment (Griffin et al., 2008). These sharks have slow growth rates and reach sexual maturity at a relatively late age compared to other marine fish, which leaves their population vulnerable to any outside sources (Musick and Musick, 2011).

Oceans have been one of the first things that have been formed on the planet Earth. What are the things that need to keep it “running”? In the Pacific Ocean, biotic factors include fish, whales, sharks, dolphins, jellyfish, and a lot more. These are all biotic factors because they are living or once were living.

In this research paper we will explore more about coral reefs and their importance. Coral reefs are communities of living organisms. They are made up of fishes, plants, and many other creatures. They have been around for millions of years: less than the 0.1% of the world’s ocean floor Is covered by coral reefs, however they grow very slowly, from 0.3 cm to 10 cm per year.

Marine organisms are animals, plants, and other living things that live in the ocean. A Marine biologist is a scientist who studies marine organisms and studies the bodies, behavior, and the history of marine organisms. They also study how marine organisms interact with each other and their environment. I have chosen to research about Marine biology because I would like to learn about sea life, the ocean, and its surrounding environment.

72580 Rodriguez Silva The Top-down Effects of Brine Shrimp on Algae INTRODUCTION An ecosystem is a delicate structure moderated by the network of interactions between all of the organisms that inhabit it. These organisms can be arranged into trophic levels, forming a chain or pyramid in which energy flows from one level to another.

After a plethora of studies made we know quite a bit about the ocean and the creatures that live there. We know who is the prey and who is the predator, what temperature some live in, and where they live. We know so much about the ocean and its inhabitants, but we also don’t know enough. There is more in the ocean than the things we’ve seen and studied. There’s things deep down in the ocean so deep that light from the sun doesn’t even reach it.

Sedimentary facies changes may show if there was a transgression or regression and can be identified on whether there are coarse-grained sediments such as sand, which indicates they are nearshore, in high energy environments. Or if they are fine-grained sediments like muds and silts, they indicate offshore, deep, low energy environments. List and discuss in detail major problems that had to be overcome by plants and animals in order to live successfully on land. Give examples. Discuss how life has evolved from the ocean during the Paleozoic to move onto

Lidia Bishop Biology 2 Mrs. Walser Chrysaora quinquecirrha (Sea nettle) Lanier, N. & Weber A. (2011). Chrysaora Quinquecirrha: Sea Nettle. Animal Diversity Web. Retrieved from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Chrysaora_quinquecir The Chrysaora quinquecirrha or commonly known as the Sea nettle is found in the Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Western Pacific, Southern England waters, even in the United States, and some parts in Brazil.

The surveys written by Friedman and Sallan and Young discussed the role that the shifting of the continents had on the placoderms. This change in the orientation of the continents, specifically the movement of Euamerica and Gondwana closer together, started to close the large ocean that separated the two continents. It is safe to assume that this change in the orientation of the continents would have meant trouble for the organisms that lived in the affected area. Throughout the fossil record there are examples of changing continents causing whole groups of organisms to go extinct, (a glaring example of this is the formation of the isthmus of Panama).