Evolution of the human language has created unity in societies, communities and the population but it has always had the power of persuasion at the very beginning. People have always been influenced by others because of their expertise in rhetorical skills. Martin Luther King Jr., Malcom X, and Donald Trump have had a group of followers because their supporters were caught by their persuasion of their speech. Adolf Hitler was followed due to his prowess in rhetorical speeches considering his past of quitting art school and imprisonment. In the dialogue “Plato Gorgias” Rhetoric is debated whether it is an art or not by Socrates and Gorgias. Socrates provokes Gorgias and his group of followers to learn from their viewpoint of rhetoric as an art …show more content…
doing injustice. In the Dialogue of “Plato Gorgias”, Socrates is talking with Polus another of Gorgias’s followers about whether someone had to choose whether to suffer injustice or do injustice. Socrates asks “Which seems to you, Polus, to be worse, doing injustice or suffering injustice” (474c). Polus would rather do injustice but Socrates follows up with “Which is more shameful?”(474c). The more shameful option would be doing injustice because it is morally wrong to cause injustice. Socrates would rather suffer from injustice for the sole reason of not being shameful. This a turning point of the people welcoming injustice as they would realize that their actions have effects not only to the sufferer but to themselves. In an event where suffering and doing injustice has happened, two types of pain are inflicted on both sides. The sufferer would feel the unjust pain that was given to them. As for the doer of injustice, they would feel emotional pain. The emotional pain is the pain of regret, sorrow, and guilt that they feel after inflicting pain onto another person. “I nor you nor any other human beings would welcome doing injustice rather than suffering injustice, for it happens to be worse”. (475e) The pain of guilt has affected many people realizing that they did more pain to themselves than the sufferer that was inflicted pain. Issues today have shown both side into suffering and doing injustice. Black people are being targeted by white police because blacks appear to be frightening thus causing innocent black lives casualties. Racial issues cause racial tensions that lead to doing injustice and suffering from it. Clearly shooting an unarmed black male was not the best decision however the decision of shooting an innocent unarmed black person will haunt them for the rest of their life. Justice and order needs to be considered at times
In the Republic, Plato confers with other philosophers about the true definition of justice. Cephalus, Polemarchus, and Thrasymachus relay their theories on justice to Plato, when he inquires as to what justice is. Cephalus believes only speaking the truth and paying one’s debts is the correct definition of justice (The Republic, Book I). However, Plato refutes this with an example of a friend who has lost his wits and would be caused harm by repayment of a debt. This leads to Polemarchus’ view on justice, doing harm to one’s enemies and helping one’s friends.
Rhetoric is a discipline concerned with the effective use of language. It is considered as an art that aims to improve the capability of writers or speakers to inform, give pleasure, persuade, motivate, and so on. Rhetoric typically provides insight for understanding, discovering and developing arguments for particular situations. As Plato poetically put it, rhetoric is the “art of enchanting the soul”. It has played a central role in many long existing fields including literature, linguistics and politics.
In the tale Gorgias by Plato, Socrates debates with four colleagues on what is rhetoric. To be able to answer if rhetoric is based on nature or convention you must first ask the question, what is rhetoric? Rhetoric stated by Socrates is the skill of making speeches (448d). Gorgias states that rhetoricians have the power of persuasions (452e). Rhetoric is having the power to persuade people in changing their opinion threw the power of speeches.
I Have a Dream’s Rhetoric A momentous day in history is exalted by the enthralling speech and resonating imagery of a man whom wanted to make a difference. Just over 100 years after the Emancipation Proclamation was implemented, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered a very riveting speech to over 250,000 Americans during the March on Washington, the nation’s largest demonstration of peaceful protest. With peace typically comes logic of which King very much emanated from his speech. With powerful rhetoric, King captivated an entire crowd and subsequently the entire nation with emphasizing while being freed from the travesty that was slavery people of color are still placed in chains by society’s gruesome yet commonplace demarcations.
Past leaders such as Andrew Jackson, Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, and Marc Antony are evidence that society does not reward morality and good character in leadership. Society is drawn to leaders that have good rhetoric, propaganda, and charismatic personalities, and society supports them despite their immorality. Society is concerned about stability more than the morality of their leaders and will support immoral leaders in times of crisis to provide stability. In history there have been multiple leaders that have used rhetoric, propaganda and charismatic personalities to gain power, despite their morals.
Socrates in his dialogue was pushing further with the idea that it is worse to do injustice than to suffer injustice, a clime which was objected by Polus. For Polus says that many people who do injustice are happy, but Socrates insists otherwise. Socrates focuses on Eudaimonia, which means happiness, as the main objective to reach. Thus the people who do injustice like kings and tyrants are unhappy. Socrates then asks Polus which is more shameful doing injustice or suffering it, and Polus replies that doing injustice is more shameful.
It is challenging to lead a private life while truly fighting for justice. A man can fight for justice through examining the greatest issues in human nature that Socrates found essential to the private life. However, this knowledge can have the biggest effect when brought into the public life such as through teachings. These two things can then combine to reflect how the state should be changed. Socrates sometimes crossed this line himself, even if unknowingly.
Political activists and philosophers alike have a challenging task of determining the conditions under which citizens are morally entitled to go against the law. Socrates and Martin Luther King, Jr. had different opinions on the obligation of the citizens in a society to obey the law. Although they were willing to accept the legal punishment, King believed that there are clear and definable circumstances where it would be appropriate, and sometimes mandatory, to purposely disobey unjust laws. Socrates did not. Socrates obeyed what he considered to be an unjust verdict because he believed that it was his obligation, as a citizen of Athens, to persuade or obey its Laws, no matter how dire the consequences.
The Social Contract Plato’s Crito depicts a conversation between Socrates and Crito. Socrates’ friends intend to help him escape from prison before he is executed. Their conversation touches upon subjects like justice, injustice and the appropriate response to injustice. Socrates argues that one must not answer to injustice with more injustice as that would be an injury to the laws and to the city of Athens.
In order to establish my thesis, I will start by stating and explaining the argument that Socrates presents, I will
In the year 2015 alone 776 African Americans were killed by police officers of this 776, 161 were unarmed and shot by police officers with malicious intents. As far back as the 1800’s black people have been oppressed and brutalized for being seen as the inferior race. Many white people at the time disliked black people and for that reason lots of conflicts and tension was brought about. This also brought a lot of cases involving police brutality and racism from whites towards blacks. Both racism and police brutality can be seen in the movie “Do the Right Thing” directed by spike lee.
Plato’s dialogues Gorgias and Phaedrus both consider the idea of rhetoric. Rhetoric being the art or skill of getting something from the masses or individuals, and often used in getting away with a crime. The type of rhetoric being argued about in the Gorgias dialogue is public rhetoric, what exactly rhetoric is, whether it is an art or not, and how it is best used so as to promote the highest good. In the Phaedrus dialogue private rhetoric is being discussed over the issue of love. This paper will examine how eros is central to both the Gorgias and Phaedrus dialogues.
Socrates was a greek philosopher who found himself in trouble with his fellow citizens and court for standing his grounds on his new found beliefs from his studies about philosophical virtue, justice, and truth. In “Apology” written by Plato, Socrates defended himself in trial, not with the goal of escaping the death sentence, but with the goal of doing the right thing and standing for his beliefs. With this mindset, Socrates had no intention of kissing up to the Athenians to save his life. Many will argue that Socrates’ speech was not very effective because he did not fight for his life, he just accepted the death sentence that he was punished with. In his speech he said, “But now it’s time to leave, time for me to die and for you to live.”
Socrates bases this view of justice on the worth of living a good life. “And is life worth living for us with that part of us corrupted by unjust actions” (47e) If we corrupt our soul with injustice, our life would not be worth living, therefore one must never commit an injustice. “When one has come to an agreement that is just with someone, one should fulfill it.”(49e) It is this agreement with the Laws that Socrates would be violating, if he were to
Bothered by Socrates’ logic, Thrasymachus presents a revised version of his previous argument. Thrasymachus says that injustice is stronger than justice and that it most definitely results in a happier life. The example he uses (of a powerful dictator who is made happy through injustice is a reference to his earlier example that justice is used to the advantage of the stronger). Thrasymachus has not greatly changed the principle of his argument, just using alternate examples.