Social Learning Theory: Theoretical Insight Into Corruption

Racial profiling is a positive thing. Racial profiling is a practice used by law enforcement officials to target individuals and groups of people who are suspicious of crimes based on their ethnicity. Racial profiling should be allowed for the police to use because it is easier for them to track down criminals, to prevent crimes from happening and to create a safer place. Racial profiling should be allowed for the police to use because it is easier to prevent crimes from happening. Judging someone based on the way they look is never good but in this case it is because a suspicious looking black man could be taken in by the police for questioning on gang violence and that would help prevent some crimes.

Essay Prompt: Describe the level of empirical support (or non-support) for the systemic model, as provided by this week’s readings. In order to test the systemic social disorganization model, various scholars had done quite a few empirical researches and revealed different results, some of which supported the principle of the systemic model, while others did not. The basic idea of the “systemic social disorganization model” is, the exogenous sources of social disorganization, i.e., economic status, ethnic heterogeneity and residential mobility and so on, will show effect on the crime and delinquency by influencing the intervening character, informal social control. In 1997, Warner and Wilcox used data on 100 Seattle census tracts to test the intervening influence of local social ties, as the informal social control, on relationship between community structure conditions (poverty, heterogeneity and mobility) and burglary and assault rates. The results were quite fruitful and enlightening.

One recommendation to better prevent and be aware of hate crimes is to push the federal government to require all agencies to include hate crimes as a classification in their records and to report these to the FBI. This will allow for better understanding of most at risk areas, and will also encourage agencies to take hate crimes seriously. As the current hate crime statistics are so low, many individuals may no longer think that hate crimes are a problem in the U.S. States. Federal and state lawmakers could also consider harsher sentences for hate crimes, as the current sentence is relatively low, as compared to non-violent drug related crimes for example. Harsher sentencing could send a message to people that the government does not tolerate hate crimes and the punishments for committing one are severe.

One of the theories it speaks of is the Pyrrhic defeat theory. This theory states that the criminal justice system is created to function in a particular fashion in order to create an image of crime where crime is actually seen as the “threat from the poor”. (Reiman, 2010, p.5) “Reimans’s theory suggests that those who have power to change the system benefit from the way it operates: they can go on committing harms and accumulating wealth without punishment, while the country remains focused on street crime and poor minority criminals.”(Leighton 2010) In order to accomplish this “The system must actually fight crime-or at least some crime-but only enough to keep it from getting out of hand and to keep the struggle to substantially reduce or eliminate crime.”(Reiman, 2010, p.5) This means that by creating an image that our system is trying to fight crime, but at the same time allowing certain crimes to exist and scare society, it benefits the wealthy in several ways. First, it promotes that the wealthy population is

A recent study released by Pearson that questioned over 400,000 students in grades 6-12 shows that only “48% of students think their teachers care about them…and only 45% of students think teachers care if they are absent from school” (Hare, 2015). This shocking statistic demonstrates what American students think about their teachers. Most students are under the impression that their teachers don’t care about them. When teachers don’t care about their students and allow them to fail, many students with unrealized potential give up on education. Mike Rose’s “I Just Wanna Be Average” describes his journey through high school on the vocational track after the results of his “tests got confused with those of another student named Rose” (Rose, 1989, p. 2).

The use of previous videos can be detrimental to new cops because it can teach them how to deal with many different situations correctly that way they don’t put their career in jeopardy or the lives of their partners in danger. Everyone knows that there is always three sides to a story: what one individual says happens, what the other individual says happened, and what happened. With the execution of body-worn cameras, it would eliminate, the reduction seen in complaints filed and sustained against officers and videos can reduce the need for lengthy

This placed a strong reliance on psychological remedies for crime, including psychological analysis, diagnosis, and treatment of the root causes of criminal behavior similar to the treatment of a patient with a mental illness. In theory this would prevent recidivism because the true cause of the behavior would be resolved. The crime control period views crime as more of a rational choice and values punishment that is swift, certain, and severe in order to prevent/suppress criminality which threatens the functioning of a free society. This “us vs them” mentality supports greater prosecutorial power, increased usage of punitive processes like imprisonment/fines, and greater police power to deter

As one commentator suggests, “order to do their jobs and find criminals, they acknowledge the importance of race and ethnicity” (4 Impressive Pros and Cons of Racial Profiling). As a result, crime rates will drop and the law will be obeyed more. Although, some officers have different opinions about racial profiling saying instead of practicing that form of catching criminals, they use “ data and actionable intelligence which include ethnic background” (4 Impressive Pros and Cons of Racial Profiling). They believe that they are just doing the skills they were taught and are only trying to do their

Control theory suggests that people with weak ties to family or society are more likely to engage in criminal activity oppose to those with a strong family bond or community relation. Furthermore, it states that behavior is affected by what an individual wants the most at any given time. The broken windows theory is also related to the control theory. The broken windows theory states that having an ordered and maintained society will prevent crime from happening. Even small cosmetic changes such as a broken window can change the entire environment.

Rational choice theory (RCT) assumes individuals choose to commit crime based on rational/logical thinking and calculations (maximizing profits and minimizing losses). An offender, such as a burglar, might plan to rob a home while the family is away (high profit from stealing and little chance of getting caught). To believe that this is the only reason why criminals offend is preposterous and myopic; it is only a small sliver of the basis of crime. Rational choices are implemented by offenders (sometimes), but other causes include but are not limited to: economic disparity, substance abuse, family factors, biological factors/genetic influences, mental illnesses, opportunity (easy target to hit), perceptions of the punishment (is the offender

The U.S. justice system is considered the fairest of all but if confessions are inadmissible and true criminals are released then our society will progress under great peril from continued violent acts. Law enforcement officers are mandated by Miranda to advise subjects in a custodial interrogation of their rights under the Fifth Amendment and their right to a counsel under the Sixth Amendment. The policies of police departments everywhere had to be changed due to Miranda; as this decision provided a fundamental shift in the tactics being used by investigators to interrogate suspects. No longer could officers pray on the ignorance of the law or intimidation of authority in order to compel confessions. “The courts have made it very clear that the use of physical force or physical abuse or even the threat of this type of conduct on the part of police will render a confession involuntary” (Wicklander & Zulawski, 2002, p.

The traditional goals of sentencing are retribution, deterrence, incapacitation and rehabilitation (Stinchcomb, 2011). A more contemporary goal of criminal sanctions is restorative and community justice (Stinchcomb, 2011). Retribution is founded on the principle that offenders should receive their ‘just desserts’. However, the penalty must be proportionate to the offence committed (Welch, 2004, p.83) Deterrence aims to reduce criminal offending. General deterrence is based on the philosophy that the general public will be deterred by the penalty, as it outweighs the benefits of crime (Sarre, 2007).