Discretion is an official action taken by a police officer or any other agent of criminal justice in whereby they use their individual judgement to decide the course of action suitable for an occurring incident. In criminal justice, an officer considers the totality of circumstances before reaching on a decision to either take legal action or not against an individual. And to what extend the and kind of action will be take (Griffiths, 2013: 122), for instance; warning or arresting the individual. Furthermore, discretion is the privilege or permission granted to officers to use their own judgement to make practical decisions. However there are also attached constraints to this. Officers cannot go out and make choices of their own freely without underlying consequences. Criminal justice officials are governed by laws, rules and codes of ethics when exercising discretion.
Discretion varies among officers of different positions. Patrol officers and their
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This is because it is applied as police carry out their daily routine activities such as preventing crimes, searching, arresting and charging suspects. Given the ambiguous nature of the existing criminal laws concerning the scope and dealings of conflict and disorder situations, alongside the limited resources allocated to the police departments, and variations in nature of offences; police discretion becomes a principle part for officers to give weight to law enforcement (Griffiths, 2013: 122). First of all, individual officers in streets and fast areas has to decide whether an incident they are coming across fits into the definition of an offence as stipulated by the law and to what extend are they to be subjected to judgement. For instance, in a case of an assault, the law does not give further definitions on whether it is simple or aggravated assault. So it is the mandate of the officer to what kind it fits
Philando Castle Shooting Timeline: July 2nd 2016: Officer Jeronimo Yanez responded to an armed robbery at a convenience store in Minnesota. Video surveillance from the scene revealed that robbers were two armed black males, with dreadlocks, and wearing glasses and baseball caps. The robbers managed to escape from the scene. July 6th, 2016:
The way the person is raised during his childhood and the culture they are brought up in. In some situations, officers may end up violating constitutional rights of suspects dealing with search and seizures. This can create a problem because it can create a negative impact that tends to upset the community. Police officers are trusted in their ability to use their discretion to react appropriately to various situations. Discretion levels have changed throughout time and policies have been revised and implemented to set some controls on officers’ discretion power vs. policies.
This is to limit the situation from continuing or escalating after the officer leaves. Domestic violence is one such situation;
One common opinion is that officers should not use more force than is necessary or reasonable, and even then, that force should be used only as a last resort. “Police use force to affect civilians’ conduct. On a day-to-day basis, they do so most often by employing the least degree of force available to them, their mere presence. Cops wear uniforms and drive distinctly marked cars so that, without saying a word, they may have an effect on citizens’ behavior” (Fyfe, 38). When an officer’s presence fails to fulfill the desired conduct, the next course of action for said officer would be verbalization.
Some officers could allow their anger and adrenaline interfere with their professional judgement. This is sometimes done by exerting excessive force for personal gratification.
Law enforcement and correctional officers daily cope with delicate situations. When faced with an unique, possible deadly situation requires an immediate and appropriate response. We have learned thus far that law enforcement and correctional officers employ a great amount of discretion on a daily basis when performing their duties. Misuse of discretion can lead to society questioning police tactics and policies. Racial profiling is an illustration of misuse of discretion.
The officers failed to consider the broader context and potential ramifications of their actions. It could be argued that alternatives, such as engaging with the youths, building a rapport and educating them, as well as treating them with respect and fairness, rather than escalating the situation and disparaging the character of the youths, could allow officers to not only comply with policy and legislation, but also more effectively police their community by building positive relationships, channels of communication, and reduction of future crime (Chan, Bargen, Luke and Clancey 1997). However, these alternatives require the appropriate use of discretion which the officers failed to
Police officers use the amount of force necessary to ease the situation, arrest an individual, or protect themselves and others from harm. A certain amount of people understand that excessive force is required in different situations. There are moments when police officers will be obligated to use excessive force to calm the situation. For example; Rahtz said, “Then you have others who understand that in some situations, force is not only necessary but is required, if serious, injury or death is avoided” (Rahtz, 2007). Force can be necessary and understood
Legally, officers have the authority to use force to protect themselves and others from harm. The use of force only allows use within the standards of reasonableness. In the United States, the use of force is known as the use-of-force continuum, which provides law enforcement officers with guidelines that govern how much force is allowed to be used against a person in a given situation. The use of force continuum has five levels: officer presence, verbal commands, empty hand control, less lethal methods, and deadly force. Officers are not required to follow the different levels of the use-of-force continuum any particular order.
In the formal criminal justice process, there are important decision makers that decide whether to keep the offender in the system or dismiss the suspect with no future consequences. Suppose a law was set in place
In some cases, police officers exert excessive force on individuals. The amount of force should be necessary for the situation. For example, a police officer should not use a weapon because a civilian will not obey an initial command. In the article, When Does Force Become Excessive?,
The main goal of a officer is to gain control of situation, to protect and serve the community. So if they can 't regulate the problem, by using the low levels of force, then they simply must increase the amount of force. Also
According to www.ncjrs.gov the accountability of individual police officers is a fundamental issue for police executives. Police officers are the public officials that society has authorized, even obliged, to use force. Ensuring that police officers use that warrant equitably, legally, and economically on behalf of citizens is at the core of police administration.
Authority is the “power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience” (Google, 2015) while the use of force “is the amount of effort required by police to compel compliance by an unwilling subject"(COPS, 2015).These two words go hand in hand in accordance with police officers and the law. However, with everything going in the news you would not think that. According the Washington Post “police officers in the United States have shot and killed at least 500 people so far in 2015”,(Lowery, 2015). This topic is important because these lives innocent or not have been killed by the police and nothing has been done to change that.
‘’Most officers enter law enforcement with minimal experience in the field or in handling the moral dilemmas that officers typically encounter. They learn how to perform their jobs, as well as recognize the organizational norms, values, and culture, from their peers and supervisors. While supervisors provide direct, formal reinforcement, officers’ peers offer friendship and informal rewards that, in many cases, hold greater influence than official recognition from the agency’’ (Fitch, 2011). Officers who come across situations where they are unsure what is morally and ethically best to do often turn to their peers for assurance and guidance. Good ethical behavior can easily be influenced by officers and those in law enforcement.