Police Brutality and Racial Profiling
Black people who were unarmed were killed more than whites by police last year. “Black people are three times more likely to be killed by police in the United States than white people (BBC Podcast, 2015).” Although the extent of police racial bias and their previous abusive behavior is unknown (if any), there are other issues that are known. The purpose of this paper is to argue that race and ethnicity, social class, and bias are reasons that lead to police atrocity among African Americans. In this paper, seven articles will be used in attempt to support the specifics of each argument: (a) racial discrimination, (b) the majority vs. minority situations, (c) types of contact with police, and (d) police
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As much as this term has been defined and discussed, it’s a common trend that police seem to not grasp the definition of or distinguish between right and wrong, especially when dealing with African Americans. There are more cases reported or seen that involve racial discrimination among blacks than whites (Bledsoe et. al., 1997, p. 780). Based on their study, Bledsoe, Combs, Sigelman, and Welch (1997) reported that the perceptions of discrimination were different between black and whites. During their interviews for study 1, whites, on average, agreed with less than one of the five questions about discrimination against blacks, blacks agreed with almost four. In Study 2, they concluded that whites saw no discrimination or racists acts with the way police used force to handle situations that involved African Americans; whereas, blacks thought the opposite. Police treat and give better service to whites than blacks, while whites believe they’re treated equally. Tuch and Weitzer (2005) reported that the majority of blacks (75%) believe that police in their city treat whites better than blacks. The majority of whites (75%-77%) believe that police in their city treat whites and the two minority groups "equally." Not only do whites have different perceptions of racial discrimination or profiling, but the attitudes they express between black and whites show that they think their opinions are the …show more content…
African Americans experiences with police are more violent and unfair compared to whites. The series of analyses that Schuck and Rosenbaum (2005) designed were to investigate the relations among type and quality of police contact and residents' attitudes toward the police. People who had negative contact with police reported negative feed back and people who had non-negative contact reported good feedback. For whites, their perception of police may be influenced more by media while blacks would be influenced more by their type of neighborhood. The reason for this is because blacks come in contact more with the police than whites. Once again, racial discrimination and profiling, the minority vs. majority context and the different types of contact that African Americans have with police all tie together. Whites distinguish racial discrimination differently compared to blacks which leads to aggressive force used because in their opinion they’re doing their job and blacks from low class black minorities are commonly targeted because of racial profiling. Race, ethnicity, and social class are all issues that result in police
Addressing police brutality must be done with empathy for and awareness of the plight of the African-American community. Historically speaking, there has not been a period wherein the African-American community was not inhibited by institutionalized barriers. American enslavement provided the foundation for later oppressive provisions that are especially prevalent within inner-city, predominantly Black communities, which, incidentally, many of the prominent instances of police brutality have taken place. Political regimes like the “war on drugs,” “school to prison pipeline,” and mass incarceration criminalize and dehumanize the African-American community, and thus affect the collective mindset of the population. I believe that an imperative first step that has not been taken is acknowledging the effects these may have on the Black community.
However, research demonstrates that often times men of color are treated harshly which leads to negative perceptions of police officers. Police brutality is a crime that is has been surfacing in the news recently. Some people are just starting to realize that these injustices against the black community really occur, while others are well aware. The recent shootings, different run-ins with officers being filmed while doing such harmful actions against African American men is an example of police brutality and, that reminds us that as a society work needs to be done to improve police and community relations. A black male cannot even walk down the street on a cold night because he might be a suspect from something or he may be of danger to the people around.
The author expands his explanations with various sociological theories. Moreover, he discusses why the poor urban areas attract police officers to patrol them more often. The content of certain chapters is used in sociological and political explanations of police brutality. Holmes, M. D., & Smith, B. W. (2008). Race and police brutality: Roots of an urban dilemma.
Police brutality is often directed towards Black people and other people of color, who are more likely to be stopped, searched, and arrested by law enforcement officers. This discrimination is a result of implicit bias, which perpetuates the idea that Black people are more likely to commit crimes and are therefore more likely to be subjected
Police brutality is a serious injustice which impacts many individuals in the United States and is an issue that needs to be addressed and resolved. Millions of American citizens interact with law enforcement, “about 1 million of these civilians experience police threat or use of force during these interactions”(Law Enforcement Epidemiology Project). Police brutality against Black people in the US is nothing new; it has existed here for a very long time. Historical evidence confirms that Black people are the victims of police brutality.
This issue is multifaceted and complex. One-sided arguments have led law enforcement officers to be held accountable for their actions when using deadly force, while other opinions believe that law enforcement officers are doing their best in challenging situations and should not be unfairly criticized (Lee & Vaughn, 2010). One major concern regarding police shootings is the disproportionate impact on people of color. Many people believe that systemic racism leads to police brutality against people of color, particularly Black Americans. Statistics have shown that Black Americans are more likely to be killed by police than any other racial or ethnic group (Lim, 2017, p.306).
Racial Profiling and the disproportionate use of police force are controversial political issues. Debates on racial bias in policing continue to reverberate across the country making headlines, aside from the importance of the debate on racial profiling and police use of force, such events create intergroup conflict, foreground stereotypes and trigger discriminatory responses. A serious issue in today’s society is the rising tension between the police force and the community which has developed through racial profiling and police brutality. In New York City, the controversial “stop, question, and frisk” policy was endorsed by some as essential for reducing crime rates (MacDonald 2001) and challenged by others as racially biased with a heavy burden placed on affected individuals and communities (Fagan et al. 2010).
Throughout history, disputes and tensions between law enforcement officials and communities of minorities have endured hostility and violence between each other. Racial profiling has become a “hot topic” for researchers as well as for politicians and by now it is likely that most citizens are at least aware of the common accusations of racial bias pitted against law enforcement (Cochran & Warren, 2013). Communities of color are being discriminated against and racially profiled by white police officers for any suspicion of criminal activities. It has been widely assumed by policy makers and citizens alike that allegations of racial profiling are mostly associated with the policing practices of white officers and their treatment of racial and ethnic minorities (Cochran & Warren, 2013). Also, individuals of minority descent will certainly recognize that they are being racially profiled during a stop that is being conducted by a white police officer.
One of the greatest challenges law enforcement are facing is providing effective policing for minority communities. Some factors that prevent minorities from gaining access to justice or being taken advantage of certain criminal justice services are language barriers, racial stereotyping, and cultural differences. Since the 30 's and 40 's, and even during the 60 's, civil rights activists damaged the police-minority relations in the United States, believing that police only interest are protecting white communities. A big explanation of why there 's a poor police-minority relations in the United States is racism on the part of the individual officers. Many minorities in the United States have continued to complain about being treated more harshly than whites and the Department of Justice believes that racial profiling and police discrimination will continue to be a big problem.
In the Criminal Justice System of the United States, there has been a disparity affecting African-American communities and minority groups. Minorities perceive themselves as the main targets of police use of force, racial profiling, and a bias culture within law enforcement. The central argument, is that such actions have an impact on the relationship between police officers and the African American community, causing problems in our society. But does history explain why law enforcement has developed a negative relationship with African-Americans? In our democratic era, police officers are considered a walking symbol of safety and protection.
There is discrimination in law enforcement because of cops arresting and being more aggressive towards blacks than whites. However many people think that police are not prejudice and are just doing their job. When cops stop people for seeding or other reasons. Law enforcement racially profile people when making traffic stops, people feel like the police target them because of their skin color and are more aggressive to them. On May 14, 2001, three young African American males were pulled over by the police.
Synthesis Research Paper Everyday growing up as a young black male we have a target on our back. Society was set out for black males not to succeed in life. I would always hear my dad talk about how police in his younger days would roam around the town looking for people to arrest or get into an altercation with. As a young boy growing up I couldn’t believe some of the things he said was happening. However as I got older I would frequently hear about someone getting killed by the police force.
An occurrence observed by the population of Los Angeles, California conveys the existence of racism and police brutality. According to The Polls-Trends: Racial Differences in Attitudes Toward the Police, “…three quarters of blacks, but only 38 percent of whites, continued to view police brutality as a common occurrence” (Tuch and Weitzer
Cops around the United States have been accused of racially profiling black people. This topic has been brought up by everyone around the U.S. and is very controversial. Studies have shown that the majority of deaths by police officers have been people of opposite color in America. Police brutality in America is a growing epidemic that has shown no signs of slowing down. Innocent men, women, and even children have been killed by police officers for no reason.
Random sample surveys were conducted in Seattle, Washington by telephone, which asked citizen’s various questions concerning their feelings towards police. These questions included their level of happiness in regards to police problem-solving, their views on police hassling citizens, and if they had ever experienced, or perceived to experience racial profiling or bias by law enforcement (Wu, 2014). Of all the citizens that took part in the survey, 64% of African Americans felt that racial profiling was a problem inside their neighborhoods, 28% of Asians, 20% of whites, and 34% of Hispanics agreed (Wu,