Theoretical Implications

3. Theoretical Implications
In the theoretical standpoint, the study’s finding puts forward that the Budge (1994) and Freeden’s hypothesis (2013) which posits that the political ideology is frequently can be reflected in the official programmes (policies and agendas) of the parties is, frankly, not quite accurate in contemporary Indonesia. It can be proved when the political parties represented by PDIP, PAN and PKS are plaiting together themselves as the fighters of people welfare and striving for the poor-class society’s interests. It signifies that the ideological contestation is waning and submerged, as there are no salient differences among platforms of those parties. The waning of the political ideology is strengthened by the tangible

The role of the European colonialism to these regions has influential contributions in shaping those kinds of the ideology. Nevertheless, the political cleavage between abangan and santri is ocassionally inactive and alive. The cleavage is waning when it address the issues related to pubic services and when it is situated in the power arena. In contrary, it will revive when it deals with religious and ethnic issues as well as the grassroots. Therefore, the dichotomy of abangan-santri which was classified genuinely by Geertz (1960) in a particular context is hazy even disappearing. The disappearance of this dischotomy can be detected, at least, in some contexts such as in the mayoral election (pilkada), in the legislative election and in the discussions related to the parliamentaty tool fittings and wages. Nevertheless, one definite that this study supports the theories of Randal (1988) and Mainwaring (1991) that studiying political parties in developing countries associated with issues, more or less, of democratisation, ideology, party system and

First is conducting qualitative researches regarding the policy and agenda of the three political parties, PDIP, PAN and PKS in dealing with the issues related to religion and ethnicity. Investigating the cases of making sharia regulations or anti-alcohol laws, the establishment of sharia-based Islamic banks, the foundation of sharia-based hotels or the allocation of financial aids for worship places is relevant instances to be elaborated in an in-depth research. It will depict genuinely to what extent the political ideology will