Polycarbonate Polymer Introduction. Polycarbonate is long chains of linear polyesters of an amorphous structure of carbonic acid and dihydric phenols like bisphenol. The polymer molecule is made up by two major components which are The Bisphenol A containing carbon, hydrogen and the phenyl group (aromatic, benzene rings) represented as the six sided structure of hydrocarbon compounds (C6H6). In the middle two methyl groups identified by the label (CH3), serving as wedges. Linking these is the Carbonate group ester (– O– CO– O–) group.
High impact resistance, Tensile strength & Toughness
The phenyl group gets attracted to various molecules in the Bisphenol A which contributes to lack of mobility and flexibility giving polycarbonate its superior mechanical structure. Being one of
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Amorphous high temperature resins like PC have a randomly ordered molecular structure which does not have a sharp melt point; (a specific melting point) instead amorphous materials soften gradually as the temperature rises. The defining temperature for amorphous polymers is the glass transition temperature, or Tg. Below this temperature, the amorphous chains become immobilized and rigid and behave like glass, (hard & brittle). PC at higher temps above Tg becomes rubbery and leathery within a wide temp range, as it heats up the molecules become more mobile & rubbery up to Tm (melting point) where they become a liquid.
Pc’s methyl side groups, results in a high glass transition temperature of Tg (145°C). The high Tg allows PC to be used at temperatures in excess of 120Oc. The characteristic of high glass transition temperature of PC is caused by the minimal molecular rotation about the bond and can maintain great rigidity at ambient temperature (between Tβ= - 80°C and Tg =
C4564 Description: IC50: 3-AP is a ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor and iron chelator with antitumor activity. Ribonucleotide reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme for de novo DNA synthesis, is an excellent target for chemotherapy. Its increased activity in cancer cells is associated with malignant transformation and proliferation.
From the data obtained in Tables 1-3, we were able to plot multiple graphs using excel. These graphs give a better representation of the data as seen in Figures 1-9. It can be seen that each figure shows a slight increase in CO2 production, which signifies a possible change in metabolic rate. Figures 4 and 7 show a relatively large change between the control and fox urine. The changes in slope between theses two are 0.0267 for Figure 4’s slopes and 0.0192 for Figure 7’s slopes.
Suppose you need to find the fractional European call and the fractional European put options. Let the Hurst parameter be $H=0.85$, the $\sigma=0,25$, $r=0.10$, $S_{fbm} = 100$, $K = 95$, we have \begin{eqnarray*} d_1^{fBm} & = & \frac{\ln{\frac{S}{K}} + \frac{1}{2}(r( T - t) + \frac{(1)\sigma^2{( T^{2H} - t^{2H})}}{2})}{\sigma{\sqrt{T^{2H} - t^{2H}}}}\\ & = & \frac{\ln(\frac{105}{100}) + (0.10(0.25 -0) + \frac{(1){0.25^2}{0.25^{2(0.85)} - (1)0.25^{2(0.85)}}}{2}}{(0.25){\sqrt{0.25^{2(0.85)} - 0}})} \end{eqnarray*} we obtain $d^{fBm}_1= 1.0558$. We find in the normal distribution that $N(1.0558)= 0.8544$ and $N(-1.0558) = 0.1456.$
Testing phase finds differences in positive/negative documents by the centroid obtained in training phase by ranking each of them. The simple way to estimate similarity between documents and centroid by summing weights of patterns which are in the documents. VII. Experimental Results To determine accurate measures of similarity or difference between documents you depict results by graph pattern and table pattern. The experimental setup consists of relevant documents that you termed as positive and negative documents .i.e
Fiona Young Ha Hoang and Joey Lu 12/11/15 Malik AP Chem 4th Prepare to Dye Introduction Chromatography is the separation of a mixture or substance by putting it in a solute with chromatography paper. Following with this lab, we take 3 colors of food dye (red, yellow, and blue) and test which solvent out of distilled water, acetone, ethanol, and 2-propanal would separate the molecules in the dyes the best.
Benzyne Formation and the Diels-Alder Reaction Preparation of 1,2,3,4 Tetraphenylnaphthalene Aubree Edwards Purpose: 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylnaphthalene is prepared by first producing benzyne via the unstable diazonium salt. Then tetraphenylcyclopentadienone and benzyne undergo a diels-alder reaction to create 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylnaphthalene. Reactions: Procedure: The reaction mixture was created. Tetraphenylcyclopentadienone (0.1197g, 0.3113 mmol) a black solid powder, anthranilic acid ( 0.0482g, 0.3516 mmol) a yellowish sand, and 1,2-dimethoxyethane (1.2 ml) was added to a 5-ml conical vial.
It can be hypothesized that the water in the product affected the melting point
• Write down the highlighted numbers. Do you observe a pattern? • Does the pattern grow? What is the reason for this? • Write down the last number (say 53).
Leah Romero 10/30/2017 Conclusion Lab 3 Chem 102L In lab 3, fundamentals of chromatography, the purpose was to examine how components of mixtures can be separated by taking advantage of different in physical properties. A huge process in this lab was paper chromatography, which was used to isolate food dyes that are found in different drink mixes. The different chromatograms of FD&C dyes were compared to identify which dyes are present in each of the mixes.
Temperature of the liquid will raise when the entire solid has melted. An impure solid generally melts over a range of temperatures below the melting point of the principal component. Discussion: The main application of melting is chocolate moulding.
INTRODUCTION A gas chromatograph (GC) can be utilized to analyze the contents of a sample quantitatively or in certain circumstances also qualitatively. In the case of preparative chromatography, a pure compound can be extracted from a mixture. The principle of gas chromatography can be explained as following: A micro syringe is used to inject a known volume of vaporous or liquid analyte into the head or entrance of a column whereby a stream of an inert gas acts a carrier (mobile phase). The column acts as a separator of individual or chemically similar components.
The Wittig reaction is valuable reaction. It has unique properties that allows for a carbon=carbon double bond to form from where a C=O double bond used to be located. Creating additional C=C double bonds is valuable due to its use in synthesis. The Wittig reaction will allow the synthesis of Stilbene (E and Z) from a Benzaldehyde (Ketcha, 141).
Properties of Substances Express Lab 1)The purpose of this lab was to compare the physical properties of different types of solids and how the properties of solids are determined by their intermolecular forces and their intramolecular bonds. Then we were to classify each type of solid as either ionic, metallic, non-polar molecular, polar molecular, or network. Paraffin wax classified as a non-polar molecular, Silicon dioxide was classifies as a network, Sodium chloride was classified as ionic, Sucrose was classified as polar molecular and Tin was classified as metallic. (2)The intermolecular forces that are present in Paraffin wax are dispersion forces, because it is non-polar and carries a negative charge. Followed by Sucrose that has
Do you think Alice Thornton’s proposal to decentralize the rules and procedures of Cosmo Plastics will work? Alice proposal of decentralizing the rules and procedures in Cosmo Plastics has a bigger chance of working out in a big company with different departments and great number of employees, because then daily operations and decision-making are divided into different authorities in the organization from the top managements, to the middle and lower level managements. Especially when you have this flexibility in work hours, because some departments in the company need constant attention and discipline from the side of employees, decentralizing is needed to divide the controlling process. On another scale, small groups will be formed, employees
Abstract The unknown concentration of benzoic acid used when titrated with standardized 0.1031M NaOH and the solubility was calculated at two different temperatures (20◦C and 30◦C). With the aid of the Van’t Hoff equation, the enthalpy of solution of benzoic acid at those temperatures was determined as 10.82 KJ. This compares well with the value of 10.27KJ found in the literature.