Pomegranate Polyphenol
Standardization of the processing conditions for the extraction of polyphenols from pomegranate peel (Punica granatum)
Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore-570020 (India)
Venkataramanamma, D., Aruna, P., Ravendra P. Singh*
* Corresponding author, Ph: +91-821-2514876, FAX : +91-821-2517233, e mail singhrp317@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Pomegranate peel is known to possess higher antioxidant activity than the edible portion. An attempt has been made to obtain peel extract - at room temperature using combination of water and ethanol and the factors, which may affect the extraction efficiency have been optimized. The storage stability of the extract has been studied for >100 days at room temperature (30-32), 4, 0 and -80˚C. The extract quality was monitored by measuring the radical scavenging activity (RSA) by diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH)
…show more content…
The peel powder was soaked overnight (or for desired period) at room temperature (30-32°C) for extraction with intermittent shaking. After extraction, it was centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 5 min and filtered through Whatman No. 2 filter paper. The effective volume obtained after centrifugation was noted.
2.3 Determination of radical scavenging activity (RSA)
Determination of RSA was carried out according to Murthy, Jayaprakasha, & Singh (2002) using DPPH as stable free radical and butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) as standard. Different aliquots of extract and BHA were taken in 100 μl fixed volume. 0.1 mM methanolic solution of DPPH (5 ml) was added and shaken vigorously. The tubes were kept at room temperature in dark for 20 min. MeOH was used for baseline correction. The changes in the absorbance were measured at 517 nm (Genesys-5, Milton Roy, USA). RSA was expressed as percentage inhibition using the formula.
% RSA = control OD−sample OD/control OD X
Nt1310 Unit 3 Research Paper 1
279 Words | 2 Pages1. C1 then performs a permutation on vector [Y] and sends it to C2. C2 decrypts the vector and informs C1 where the distinct bit is located. By performing reverse permutation C1 knows precisely where the bit flip occurs and the two key bits that must be compared 2.
Analysis Of Chunky Peanut Boot By James Gregory
110 Words | 1 PagesJames, Christina, and Hugh, who would be the best candidate for MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses). They have to be open-minded and have great time management. The only person according to their essay that fits those specific trait is James Gregory and the essay is “Chunky Peanut Butter”. MOOC is a Massive Open Online Course. Its different from traditional college.
Nt1310 Unit 2 Assignment 2
238 Words | 1 PagesTherefore, I began with Claire’s number ‘n’ and multiplied it by
Summary Of Industrial Food Pollan
523 Words | 3 PagesI found Pollan 's book to be very informative and enjoyable to read. I particularly liked the fact that I could associate Pollan’s cultural, political and economic views to the topics we covered in class. In order to complete this assignment, I selected Part 1 of the book "Industrial Food" because I was particularly captivated by the secrets of corn and also because I believed that this section sincerely disclosed the reality behind High-Fructose Corn Syrup (a major participant in the development of obesity). Not only that but, the fact that corn is found in almost every product in our pantry, it’s a little frightening.
Acetaminophen Within The Body Lab Report
758 Words | 4 PagesDrugs bound to protein are not able to be excreted by the body because it doesn’t filter into the glomerular tubule and this is mainly because of its large size. In this lab the experimental value for binding of acetaminophen to serum albumin was calculated to be 21.93%. The binding of different drugs differ greatly in their ability to bind to serum proteins. One major problem in performing this experiment was that the plasma was contaminated with mint wax-dental floss that was used to tie the ends of the dialysis tube. This affected the absorbance reading of the plasma sample and therefore we had to use the data of another group whose plasma sample wasn’t as
Horseradish Peroxidase Lab Report
1090 Words | 5 PagesABSTRACT To catalyze a reaction, an enzyme will grab on (bind) to one or more reactant molecules. In this experiment we examined how increasing the volume of the extract added to the reaction would affect the rate of the reaction. The enzyme used was horseradish peroxidase which helps catalyze hydrogen peroxide. Using different pH levels, the absorbance rate of the reaction was measured to see at which condition the enzyme worked best. The rates of absorption were calculated using a spectrophotometer in 20 second intervals up to 120 seconds.
Essay On Tangerine
742 Words | 3 PagesImagine moving away from home, changing schools, and having a family that won’t even give attention when needed. Paul goes through all of this, and he is left to make decisions that will change his life forever. Three choices Paul goes through are, changing schools, tattling on Tangerine Middle School soccer players, and informing the police about Arthur and Erik’s wrong doings. In the novel, Tangerine by Edward Bloor, Paul moves from Houston Texas to Tangerine Florida, and the first five months are filled with decisions and chaos. The choices made by Paul, and the consequences of those choices, affect the development of his character.
Brief Biography Of Agrippa Hull's Integrative Advant
63 Words | 1 PagesAgrippa Hull was a black Patriot who was born a free man. He was born on March 7, 1759 in Northampton, Massachusetts. His mother name was Bathsheba Hull and his father name is unknown because he died when he was an infant. His mother raised him until he was six years old, when she sent him to live with a free black family.
Aspirin Synthesis Lab Report
1863 Words | 8 PagesBy using our stock salicylic acid solution (composition depicted in Table 1), we generated for salicylic acid standard solutions with varied concentrations (Table 2). Using spectrophotometry and Beer’s law, we were able to calculate the amount of pure aspirin present in the sample (Table 3). The data graphed in Figure 1 is an illustration of Beer’s law. As the concentration of salicylic acid increases, the absorbance increases as well. There is a direct, positive correlation between absorbance and concentration.
Kinetic Report
759 Words | 4 PagesINTRODUCTION Gentamicin, which is a broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic (Fig. 1), belongs to the class of medicinal compounds capable of inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [1]. Gentamicin is one of the most effective drugs used in the treatment of serious suppurative and septic processes, especially those that are caused by Gram-negative microorganisms. The advantages of gentamicin over other aminoglycosides (kanamycin, neomycin) are its activity towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa and microorganisms of the Serratia–Klebsiella–Enterobacter group, a faster bactericidal effect, and the rare development of gentamicin resistant strains. Several methods used for determination of GT including colorimetric [2,3], amperometric enzyme-immunosensors [4], flow injection chemiluminescence [5], spectrofluorometry [6,7], capillary electrophoresis with UV detection [8], liquid chromatography (LC) [9–14] and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [15–23]. Kinetic methods have many advantages over other spectrophotometric methods due to their high selectivity and elimination of
Deoxyribose Lab
2057 Words | 9 PagesThe reagents used were Diphenylamine reagent which contains concentrated H2SO4. The standard solution used for this test is the deoxyribose standard solution. In the sample, only a faint blue solution appeared, which indicates a small presence of deoxyribose. In test for Phosphate, the standard solution was the Phosphate solution and the reagents used were concentrated H2SO4, concentrated HNO3, 2.5% ammonium molybdate solution.
Sunflower Nutraceuticals Case Study
1937 Words | 8 PagesGrowth and Value Creation at Sunflower Nutraceuticals Sunflower Nutraceuticals (SNC) is a nutraceuticals distributor based in Miami, Florida. Prior to 2012, SNC had flat annual sales growth with total revenues of $10 million and had been experiencing financing issues due to its thin margins and high working capital intensity. Miami Dade Merchant’s Bank (MDM) was SNC’s previous financier, but refused to increase SNC’s line of credit of $3.2 million, which was limiting SNC’s ability to grow because of the working capital constraints. In 2012, SNC decided to accept an alternative financing option from Averell & Tuttle (AT), an investment bank. AT provided SNC with a line of credit of $3.7 million at a 10% interest rate for a 10% equity stake.
Mbgl Primer
1169 Words | 5 PagesApproximately 1µg Mbgl was used with 5 mM 4-nitropheny-β-D-glucopyranoside (PNPG) in the reaction mixture of either 2 ml or 1 ml. The reaction was stopped by adding an equal volume of 0.2M Na2CO3and the released product 4-nitrophenol was quantified based on the millimolar extinction coefficient of 18.1 mM-1cm-1at 400 nm (Workman and Day 1982). The optimum pH was determined using the same assay in the 100 mM phosphate-citrate buffer in the pH range of 3.0 to 7.0 and for pH 8.0; 100 mMtris buffer was used. Similarly, the temperature optimum was determined in 100mM citrate buffer of pH-6.0. Thermal stability was determined by incubating the protein solution at 50°C and 55°
Organ Bath Experiment
1445 Words | 6 PagesLater, 5ml of 1 x 10-6 M of mepyramine was added into the reservoir containing 1000ml of Krebs-Henssleit solution to produce a FBC of 5.0 x 10-9M. It was equilibrated with tissue for 10 minutes by flushing into the organ bath. After that, the steps above were repeated to test tissue response using 5ml of 1 x 10-5M and 1 x 10-4M of mepyramine. The experiment was repeated by replacing mepyramine with SIPBSDrug A as the antagonist. Lastly, concentration-response curve with Hill-Langmuir equation and Schild Plot were plotted using Bio-Graph. KB and pA2 values for mepyramine and SIPBSDrug A were calculated based on Schild plots and Gaddum
More about Pomegranate Polyphenol
Nt1310 Unit 3 Research Paper 1
279 Words | 2 PagesAnalysis Of Chunky Peanut Boot By James Gregory
110 Words | 1 PagesNt1310 Unit 2 Assignment 2
238 Words | 1 PagesSummary Of Industrial Food Pollan
523 Words | 3 PagesAcetaminophen Within The Body Lab Report
758 Words | 4 PagesEssay On Canadian Senate Reform
1425 Words | 6 PagesHorseradish Peroxidase Lab Report
1090 Words | 5 PagesEssay On Tangerine
742 Words | 3 PagesBrief Biography Of Agrippa Hull's Integrative Advant
63 Words | 1 PagesAspirin Synthesis Lab Report
1863 Words | 8 PagesKinetic Report
759 Words | 4 PagesDeoxyribose Lab
2057 Words | 9 PagesSunflower Nutraceuticals Case Study
1937 Words | 8 PagesMbgl Primer
1169 Words | 5 PagesOrgan Bath Experiment
1445 Words | 6 Pages