Migration is one the oldest phenomena known worldwide. The migration of people has become a main aspect to both the origin country's and host country's development. In other words, the level of human capital within a country is without a doubt related to the country’s level of development. The migration process could either cause a brain drain to the home country, a brain gain to the host country, or a mutual gain to both countries. For the past years, one of the biggest challenges facing developing countries is the departure of their brightest scholars and scientists from the nation. The desire for more wealth, better living conditions, and political stability strips many developing countries like Egypt of their brightest human capital. Taking …show more content…
It's true that the levels of income in both host and home countries have a positive impact on the inflows of remittances to the country. Remittances in Egypt have reached around 4.15 billion dollars, which is more than 5% of GDP (El-Sakka, M.I.T). Remittances are the major source of foreign currency flow within the country, and this has a great effect on investments and upgrades the living conditions of the migrants' families. However, several studies indicate that 74% of migrant households spend remittances on daily expenses (Nasar, Heba). Taking into consideration the importance of remittances to the origin country, it is shown that a large part of the remittances is used for daily necessities. A large percentage is also spent on housing while, on the other hand, a small percentage is used for productive investments that can generate more income and employment opportunities for others. In a study of remittances to labor exporting countries, it was found that remittances are positively related to economic growth in the host countries as well as to inflation in the home country (El-Sakka, M.I.T.). Although migrants’ remittances constitute important contributions to the Egyptian economy, this has to be balanced with the loss of skilled human capital and the need for productive investments within the …show more content…
This project is taking place at Egypt’s National Research Center, which is located in central Cairo. It gives young researchers who have migrated the chance to return to the country and work in top-class facilities. The main criterion used when choosing among the candidates is that they should have PhDs from foreign universities. This research facility is attracting students to return back to Egypt after graduating. At the end of the recruitment process, 85 researchers under the age of 30 have been chosen to form several research groups to solve problems involved with the development of the country (Nordling, Linda). One group, for example, aims to find vaccines for diseases that have recently struck the country, while another evaluates the properties of a plant that can be used to cure cancer (Nordling, Linda). The project gives its students the chance to freely research and innovate under the condition of returning back to the country. When a young graduate is brought back to the country, a young mind is added to the level of human capital. This is one step to successfully reversing brain drain to wisdom gain and shifting permanent migration to circular or temporary
Black migration slowed considerably in the 1930s, when the country sank into the Great Depression, but picked up again with the coming of World War II. By 1970, when the Great Migration ended, its demographic impact was unmistakable: Whereas in 1900, nine out of every 10 black Americans lived in the South, and three out of every four lived on farms, by 1970 the South was home to less than half of the country’s African-Americans, with only 25 percent living in the region’s rural
Rhetorical Analysis In the passage of “should everyone go to college”, the authors, Stephanie Owen and Isabel Sawhill argue on the question of whether college is the best choice for everyone and they make their argument very effective by adding detailed points within it. Some points that the authors make are the ideas of rate and variation of the return of education. Looking at the ideas and examples will show how the authors used them to make their argument effective. One of the examples of the author’s is the use of the rate of return on education.
Sonia Nazario’s piece, Enrique’s Journey, thoroughly depicts the hardships that come with modern day immigration and the issues that can stem from a single decision. In her book, Nazario writes that immigration “is a powerful stream...that can only be addressed at its source” (Nazario xxv). She uses the metaphor of a stream or river to illustrate the gradual escalation of complications that can arise from immigration and the choice of pursuing a greater future in the United States. Just like a river, a majority of the force behind immigration currently has developed through several minor justifiable situations that create a widespread consequence. Immigration is a vicious cycle stemmed from a lack of love and economic stability within Latino
In the lecture, Community Engaged Research in the San Joaquin: Impact through Collaboration, instructs by Doctor Stergios Roussos he provides the ideal method that could solve the issues in Merced such as child poverty, food insecurity and high unemployment. He encourages the idea that valuable lessons each students coming from another place in California or outside of California could possibly give Merced community a chance to grow out of being “America’s third most miserable city” (Castro 2). In addition, in hope to possibly avoid urban sprawl such as in L.A., Doctor Roussos is hoping that non-native students in Merced could be a part of the process that assist the community intelligently grow for a better future. From the article , “Can
In the following paragraphs I will address the migration of African Americans, and will formally refer to this specific group as Black Americans. One of the most interesting movements in history was the “Great Migration”. During this time period many black Americans found an alternative for a better life. Many travelled to different parts of the country, mainly relocating to the urban cities such as; New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, and Detroit. Adjusting to this new life style would be a complication that many Black Americans would face.
The Great Migration and/in the Congregation The Great Migration was the migration occurred within the United States between 1910 and 1970 which saw the displacement of about seven million African Americans from the southern states to those in the North, Midwest and West. The reasons that led thousands of African Americans to leave the southern states and move to the northern industrial cities were both economic and social, related to racism, job opportunities in the industrial cities and the search of better lives, the attempts to escape racism and the Jim Crow Laws that took them away the right to vote. As every social phenomena, the Great Migration had both positive and negative effects; in my opinion the Great Migration can be considered a negative development in the short and medium term, but, if we analyze the benefits brought to the African-American communities in the long term, their fight for integration has shaped the history of the United States in its progress to democracy and civil rights.
The Great Migration was a significant time when African Americans southerners wanted to escape segregation. They believed that segregation in the north was a lot less intense as it was in the south and many wanted to do something about it. Many families thought there were better economic opportunities and for different races if only they could get out of the racially corrupt south. In the beginning of 1916, African American families packed up and headed North, in hopes of a positive outcome. The Great Migration as a whole happened during the years of 1916 to 1970.
Moving to a new country can be difficult sometimes. Leaving all my relatives and friends back home was the saddest thing for me. My mother told me that we were moving to a new country. At first, I thought my mother was joking about it. but little did I know that she was telling the truth.
My perspective about this is each an every country has to firstly improve its relantionship with the people in the country and treat the high class and low class people the same basically give justice to both of them this way the country wouldn’t end up with poverty and dangerous crimes occurring in the country. Second of all, the country has to be well-prepared or atleast have the money and the space to use whenever needed. More over, each country has an advantage that helps it stay stable so why don’t you used it in a way that will advantage your country ? or why don’t you develop it into something more valuable so it can be traded, exported etc and that way the country’s economy will also get improved for example UAE is the major source of oil and petrol, Egypt is one of the major sources for plants and
Authors adds threshold values of total credit to the private sector and deposit money bank assets, above which the total effect of remittance on growth is positive. Azam and khan (2011) Running the linear regression of two remittance receiving and same features countries i.e. Azerbaijan and Arminia. They empirically proves that workers remittance are significant for the acceleration of growth in the field of study. Recommending to formulate the policies and encouraging to utilize more efficiently in order to improve society living standard.
Critical analysis of push and pull factors of migration and with Also gendered migration Throughout human history migration has been part of human life. People have migrated between and within countries. With a compression of space and time by the process of globalization migration has escalated. The inequality and uneven economic development between and within countries has forced people from developing countries to developed countries and also from rural to urban areas. Lee (1966) introduced the concepts of push and pull factors as the determinants of migration.
Moving is always hard. It is harder if you are moving from your birthplace to a culturally different country after spending most of your teenage years. I moved from Bangladesh to New York about a year and a half ago and let me tell you, it was not easy. I had to leave the place I grew up in, my friends and relatives and start a new life here in America. Probably the only good part was that at least I was with my family throughout this hardship.
Neoclassical Theory of Migration One of the oldest and most commonly used theory used to explain migration is the Neoclassical theory of Migration. Neoclassical Theory (Sjaastad 1962; Todaro 1969) proposes that international migration is connected to the global supply and demand for labor. Nations with scarce labor supply and high demand will have high wages that attract immigrants from nations with a surplus of labor. The main assumption of neoclassical theory of migration is led by the push factors which cause person to leave and the pull forces which draw them to come to that nation. The Neoclassical theory states that the major cause of migration is different pay and access to jobs even though it looks at other factors contributing to the departure, the essential position is taken by individual higher wages benefit element.
The world has evolved greatly. With globalization, the world has become a planetary village. This planetary village rely on human beings with a certain level of education. A good education has become an indispensable key However, for a good education, an excellent system of education is needed.
Transnational migration study is not a new phenomenon and it has been found that “this process is happening more regularly on a basic routine because of fast growing technology and the spread of globalization.” It is generally agreed that with the rapid acceleration of economic globalization, transnational trend has gradually become a global phenomenon. The convenient transportation and advanced technology have really helped to make the transnational process easier. Thus transnational immigrants can easily and frequently travel cross-borders in sending and receiving country. In this way, transnational immigrants experience different cultures, norms and values and they can also bring goods and investments to help them to incorporate into mainstream society.