Migration Essay

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Migration is one the oldest phenomena known worldwide. The migration of people has become a main aspect to both the origin country's and host country's development. In other words, the level of human capital within a country is without a doubt related to the country’s level of development. The migration process could either cause a brain drain to the home country, a brain gain to the host country, or a mutual gain to both countries. For the past years, one of the biggest challenges facing developing countries is the departure of their brightest scholars and scientists from the nation. The desire for more wealth, better living conditions, and political stability strips many developing countries like Egypt of their brightest human capital. Taking …show more content…

It's true that the levels of income in both host and home countries have a positive impact on the inflows of remittances to the country. Remittances in Egypt have reached around 4.15 billion dollars, which is more than 5% of GDP (El-Sakka, M.I.T). Remittances are the major source of foreign currency flow within the country, and this has a great effect on investments and upgrades the living conditions of the migrants' families. However, several studies indicate that 74% of migrant households spend remittances on daily expenses (Nasar, Heba). Taking into consideration the importance of remittances to the origin country, it is shown that a large part of the remittances is used for daily necessities. A large percentage is also spent on housing while, on the other hand, a small percentage is used for productive investments that can generate more income and employment opportunities for others. In a study of remittances to labor exporting countries, it was found that remittances are positively related to economic growth in the host countries as well as to inflation in the home country (El-Sakka, M.I.T.). Although migrants’ remittances constitute important contributions to the Egyptian economy, this has to be balanced with the loss of skilled human capital and the need for productive investments within the …show more content…

This project is taking place at Egypt’s National Research Center, which is located in central Cairo. It gives young researchers who have migrated the chance to return to the country and work in top-class facilities. The main criterion used when choosing among the candidates is that they should have PhDs from foreign universities. This research facility is attracting students to return back to Egypt after graduating. At the end of the recruitment process, 85 researchers under the age of 30 have been chosen to form several research groups to solve problems involved with the development of the country (Nordling, Linda). One group, for example, aims to find vaccines for diseases that have recently struck the country, while another evaluates the properties of a plant that can be used to cure cancer (Nordling, Linda). The project gives its students the chance to freely research and innovate under the condition of returning back to the country. When a young graduate is brought back to the country, a young mind is added to the level of human capital. This is one step to successfully reversing brain drain to wisdom gain and shifting permanent migration to circular or temporary

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