The neonatal period is the most vulnerable period of human life. A neonate is 500 times more likely to die on the first day of life compared to a child who one month age (30). Similarly, neonatal disease pattern is a sensitive indicator of availability, use, and effectiveness of mother and child health services in the community (31). This indicates that neonatal death is one of the health problems in developing countries and newborn survival has no improvement (32).
Therefore, hyperemesis gravidarum means "excessive vomiting of pregnant women". Hyperemesis gravidarum is seen in 1-3% of pregnant women12. Hyperemesis gravidarum is a condition diagnosed by exclusion and is mostly based on the presentation. The definition of hyperemesis gravidarum used in clinical research is, persistent vomiting, ketonuria and weight loss more than 5% of pre-pregnancy weight. There are other conditions in pregnancy with similar
(2003). Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science 301, 386–389. 5) American Psychiatric Association, A.M. (2000). Practice guideline the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder (revision).
HELLP syndrome is considered to be one of the most critical life threatening complications of pregnancy (HELLP Syndrome, 2009). The risk factors of this disease remain unknown while other try to relate to other pregnancy related conditions (Schub & Boling, 2014). Relatively speaking the statistic showed very rare cases of such incidents as it was less than one percentage of the pregnancies (Schub & Boling, 2014). However a relation was shown as around one fifth of the maternal who suffered from pre-eclampsia has had HELLP Syndrome while other believe it to be due to maternal rejection of the fetus relating to autoimmune function (Aloizos al et., 2013). To illustrate, this paper will include the disease process, in other words, pathophysiology, clinical manifestation and nursing care plan.
However, with improved medical diagnostics and treatments, the death rate has fallen from 35 per 10 000 ectopic pregnancies in the 1970s to 4 deaths per 10 000 in the mid-1990s [1,3]. Ectopic pregnancy is most commonly diagnosed between 6 and 10weeks gestational age. 6 – 16% of first-trimester pregnancies presenting to the Emergency Department with complaints of pain or bleeding will be ectopic pregnancies [1]. If the patient has both these complaints, the incidence of ectopic pregnancy is approximately 39% and will increase to 54% if the patient also has a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy [2,4]. Most ectopic pregnancies implant in the fallopian tube, with 80% in the ampulla, 12% in the isthmus, 5% in the fimbria, and 2% in the interstitial region.
Bad for the Mother Common medical problems among adolescent mothers include poor weight gain, pregnancy-induced hypertension, anemia, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and cephalopelvic disproportion. Later in life, adolescent mothers tend to be at greater risk for obesity and hypertension than women who were not teenagers when they had their first child. Teen pregnancy is closely linked to poverty and single parenthood. A 1990 study showed that almost one-half of all teenage mothers and over three-quarters of unmarried teen mothers began receiving welfare within five years of the birth of their first child. The growth in single-parent families remains the single most important reason for increased poverty among children over the last
Preterm delivery associated with significant short term and long term neonatal morbidity causes almost 75% of all neonatal deaths . In Kenya, 193,000 babies are born preterm each year and 13,300 children under five die due to direct preterm complications . Associations between maternal diet and preterm delivery have been shown where even small restrictions in a mother's nutrition around the time of conception leads to premature births and long-term adverse health effects for the offspring. A proportion of idiopathic (unknown cause) pre term births are associated with maternal under nutrition before the start of the pregnancy, during, and after . In developing countries, it has been estimated that poor nutritional status in pregnancy accounts for 14% of fetuses with IUGR, and maternal stunting may account for a further 18.5%
INTRODUCTION Depression among women in Malaysia is reaching the crucial point of life. According to the Medical Journal of Malaysia (2004), between the years 2000-2013, two hundred and forty seven articles related to depression were found in a search through a database dedicated to indexing all original data relevant to medicine published in Malaysia. The prevalence of depression in Malaysia was estimated to be around 8-12% (Ng C.G, 2014). Women with low socio- economic background, and those with comorbid medical condition shows higher prevalence of depression. Not only that, race, religion, educational level, miscarriage, difficulty in getting pregnant, sex of the baby, polygamous especially in financial also the leading caused on depression.
Teenage pregnancy can be defined as a teenage girl, between the ages of thirteen and nineteen, who has fallen pregnant. Researchers define teenage pregnancy as a social problem which has economical, educational and health implications. According to a retrospective study of women who attended a primary care clinic, women who are exposed to abuse, violence and family conflict during their childhood are more likely to fall pregnant in their teens (Howard, 2008:2). There are a lot of factors that contribute to teenage pregnancies. Teenage girls get pregnant for various reasons, for example: Contraception failure, getting drunk, not thinking, getting caught up in the heat of the moment, believing that they couldn’t get pregnant, feeling uncomfortable
It has been observed that around 40-45% of women in the childbearing age in India are susceptible to Rubella. Moreover, over 2 lakh babies are born with birth defects because of Rubella infection during pregnancy in the Indian sub-continent. CRS accounts for 10-15% of pediatric cataract. 10-50% of children with congenital anomalies have laboratory evidence of CRS. According to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), all females of child bearing age group should receive 2 shots of MMR vaccine if they are susceptible, at least 3 months before pregnancy.