Poverty In The Urban Environment

Not only climate is threatening humanities’ sustainable development but also scarcity of resource such as water, food and energy does play their own role. Urban area usually uses more resources than other areas and mass population moves to urban areas for the sufficient resources. 54% of the world population lives in urban areas in 2014 and expect to grow approximately 1.65% from 2015 to 2030 (WHO, 2014). Urban environment especially water pollution problem has become a matter for public, a specific focus for the scientific research and strongly attract political attention. Numbers of national research programmes have been executed in the United Kingdom since the early 1990s. For instance, water has some essential use to humanity active as

According to World Bank (2005), poverty reduction, in the context of environmental sustainability, is one of the greatest human challenges in the twenty-first century. The social inequality may be one of the reasons for people being in poverty and not good for the development in the future. 85 people have as much wealth as the poorest half of humanity in 2014 and it is getting worse nowadays. 70% of human lives in countries where the gap between rich and absolute poverty currently and it is getting bigger (Oxfam GB, 2015). In capitalism economic model, a wealthy man probably uses its wealth to influence or pressure governments for creating laws or policies which can make more money such as allow him to pay less to his employees. In this way, the riches become richer and have more power and become a vicious circle. For example, assuming that divide British population into 5 levels, the richest one will get 25% of the wealth and poorest one owns 15% of the wealth in an ideal Britain. However, the poorest only get 0.6%of the total wealth while the richest have more than 60% (Inequality Briefing - Inequality in the UK, 2013). Thus, even the most developed countries in the world cannot deal with the social injustice and the situation may be more serious in some African countries. Just child poverty cost British government more than 25 billion pound per

The study shows that children living in poverty are less likely to be successful than the middle or upper-class counterparts (Hillestad, 2014). Even if children in poverty go to school regularly, most of them fail to get an adequate education. For instance, Nigeria is one of the poorest countries in Africa and Socket is the biggest city which is surrounded by desert. Nearly 9 out of 10 people live below the poverty line which means earning below $1.25 one day. The government is inefficient and corruption prevails. According to the residence, there is no government service at all but collect tax much as it can. 90% of children cannot go to school to study for economic reason and fewer of them finish the study (The Economist, 2015). Most of the children have to help their parent solve the economic problem and they can hardly have a good job after they grow up. One of the most symbolic examples is China, it was the poorest country in the world after the Second World War, but more than 600 million Chinese people got rid of poverty since the 1970s. There is an education policy which children do not pay tuition fee from primary school to middle school. There is also a subsidy for students who are in some public high school and university, so that almost every student has the