Literature Review
According to Ng (2000), Hong Kong education started to focus on methods to involve parents as much as possible in the school education. Furthermore, the government has taken initiative in requesting that all public-funded schools should establish PTA meetings that ensure strong home-school partnerships, however the effect of this meetings remains questionable (Pang, 2004).
In the ecological systems theory (Bronfenbrenner, 2005 cited in Berk, 2008) it is mentioned that the child is affected by a series of level within his environment. The mesosystem represents the connections between the various levels that the child experience, meaning that it includes home environments as well as school environments. However, Pang (2011)
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According to Barbour, Barbour and Scully (2011), involvement can be categorised into minimal, associative or decision-making. In this case it can be observed that the school invites parents to take part in their events but at a minimum level. It can be said that the parents are only participants in these events, however their role as decision makers in school activities is not made evident. This could affect the communication process as well; due to the fact that parents might not feel welcomed to further discuss the information that is being given (Swick, 2003). In addition, Berger (2004) mentioned that there are two types of communication. The first is one-way communication, which allows the school to share information with the parents about school activities or other related information. The second is two-way which is the ideal method of communication that allows both parents and teachers to communicate and share ideas. In the current case, the one-way communication is made evident through the use of handbooks, notices and PTA meetings. However, the two-way communication method is only used during parent day meetings. However, Epstein (2001) emphasized that in order for the information should be passed on through multiple channels of communication, which includes the two methods mentioned by Berger (2004), as well as three-way or many-way (Epstein, …show more content…
This can be made evident in the current case, as it was mentioned by the parent that the information presented could have been explained better in order to stimulate parental involvement. Gestwicki (2010) agrees by stating that teachers have the important role of improving the parents self esteem and allow them to assume an important role in their education. Therefore, teachers should take initiative to facilitate the communication with parents in order to ensure their involvement.
However, it was mentioned by Pang (2011) that the Hong Kong teacher motivation to establish these home-school partnerships could be an issue due to the increasing number of complaining parents. Even though the teachers should encourage parents to involve themselves in the school programme, dealing with certain parents can be difficult and actually decrease the relationship. It can be said that even though home-school collaboration had made progress over the years, the quality of parent-teacher relationship remains a modern day issue.
Swick (2003) suggest that in order to avoid these issues it is necessary for teachers to assume different roles depending on the situation. By accepting these different roles, the teachers can develop a caring perception that can ensure empowerment of both parties
With meetings and personnel set. This year we are organized to hit the ground running. As O’Neil stated, school newsletters, parent/teacher conferences, Parent Teacher Association or Organizations meetings, classroom visits, school board meetings, student to student, student to parent, newspapers and television reports, local business conversations, websites, social media feeds, and social networking sites" (2012, p. 75); my school has scheduled meetings that address these communication strategies. We have designated people in charge of them to utilize each venue for success. 2.
The five systems of Urie Bronferbernner’s ecological model play an important role in human development. It consists of microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem and chronosystem. According to Berk (2000), microsystem is meant by the environment a person is living is link bi-directly to them. This system involves interactions and relationship of an individual with their immediate surroundings such as family, peers, school and neighborhood (Berk, 2000). As for mesosystem, it is a system that has a connection between microsystem which is can also be explain by having a parents and school context (Ryan, 2001).
8. To emphasize communication opportunities between parents and the school staff for the benefit of the
The mesosystem is composed of the interrelationships between the settings involved in the microsystem. This can be the linkage between teachers and parents, school and workplace. The next level, the exosystem, includes relationships between immediate settings with at least one event that affect the child indirectly, such as the linkage between the parent’s workplace and home. The macrosystem refers to characteristics of the cultural context, including the values and beliefs in each of the systems. For example, customs of a particular culture, individual’s opportunity
Individuals and experiences impact a child’s development, according to psychologist Urie Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory. A child 's environment affects how a child develops, which begins with an individual’s family and extends to the interactions within the environment. Interactions, with environmental experiences, shape the course of a lifespan development. The Ecological Systems interactions with the child will influence how the child develops; the more encouraging and nurturing these relationships are, the more chances for positive development. The influences of family and culture are especially important because they become the building blocks of a child’s maturation.
INTRODUCTION This course requires an examination of the addicted person in terms of the systems that they interact with. Through the use of the Ecological Systems Theory, an examination will be made of the facets and factors that affect various systems depicted in the film Traffic (2000). For the purpose of this paper a short review of the movie will be depicted.
In Susan’s case, she faces difficulties with her new classmates. No one willing to play with her and thus she hide herself and doing nothing while in the recess and lunch time. Also, she does not have good with relationship with her parents and does not talk with her parents even she faces the difficulties. The mesosystem is related to the interaction between microsystem. In Susan’s case, her parents are in Susan’s mesosystem.
This ecological systems theory shows that a child develops through his surroundings and his environment Bronfenbrenner’s theory states that there are many complex layers of environments which each have an effect on a child’s development. This ecological theory is also known as bioecological systems
Dietz(1997) argued that when a school limits parental involvement to a particular type of involvement (e.g. fundraising, committee membership) then only a small proportion of parents become involved. As a result the school neither really involves parents, nor reaps the potential benefits from involvement. Instead, a more comprehensive model of parental involvement which elicits a wide variety of parental involvement is advocated (Dauber & Epstein, 1993). Epstein and colleagues (Epstein, 1992) thus developed a typology which aimed to comprehensively categorise the variety of involvement activities in which could potentially engage. These are summarised in the table below.
Communicating with Parents According to Stonehouse (2011) parents and teachers communication can be done in many ways with one another. In doing so, teachers show the important role parents play in theirs child’s upbringing and also, parents are aware of what their child is doing in school. Stonehouse (2011) go on to state some common ways teachers can involve and inform parents includes: Classroom newsletters- This gives information about what the children are doing in school and upcoming events that would be taking place, personal information about babies, vacations and other important events taking place in their children lives.
It is true a partnership providing two way information flow from the teacher to the parents about the child’s classroom achievements and persona and from the parent to the teacher about the complementary elements in the home environment. It provides the mechanism
“Human social environments encompass the immediate physical surroundings, social relationships, and cultural milieus within which defined groups of people function and interact (Casper & Barnett, 2001, para. 3). The impact of the social environment in the home on early childhood development Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory encompasses the view that values, beliefs, skills and traditions are transmitted from one generation to the next. He, unlike behaviorist theorists, emphasized that family, social interaction, and play are primary influences in a child’s life (Gordon & Browne, 2013). The social environment at home has a profound impact on how children develop.
The environment refers to the “social, biological, and physical circumstances surrounding a defined quality-of-life, health, or behavioral goal or problem” (Green, & Kreuter, 2005, p. G-3). A child’s social up bring within his/her environment can have a substantial effect on their QOL and can increase their chance
Different meetings enable information to be shared, decisions to be made, and ideas to be shared with others. The different meetings mean that each area of the school community can connect with each other. It is important that all know what the governors and senior leaders are trying to achieve. This can be shared at different levels of
As a teacher, it is my responsibility to share information on the development of the child and have a clear and constant flow of dialogue with the family. This will enable both parties to deal with any issues that may arise within the family, school or community. It also my belief that parents should have an active part in their child’s learning and be able to lend a hand whenever necessary, and having open communication with them will allow this transparency and connection between home and school. The community is vital in ensuring that the facilities around the community and school is appropriate for the different children and families to live in and grow. A very good example of this successful collaboration is the Reggio Emilia approach in Italy.