Since the very early stage in Chinese history, patriarchy has been one of the most influencing concepts of the traditional Chinese society, and therefore male enjoy higher social status and even more benefits. From plenty of old people’s words, such as female are treated as ‘men’s clothing and adornment’, or men should work for external issues while women are responsible for internal and domestic stuffs, it is obvious to discover the fact that women always had lower social status than men in the past. Similarly to the art industry, the ancient Chinese art world focused on male, and seldom did works of female artists passed on to the present times. The general situation demonstrated that, even women who were born in wealthy families did not …show more content…
In most of the cases, it required the endorsement of male family members, usually husbands or fathers, so that women could establish their work of art. The tradition idea about the nature of men and female is that men should work outside for external stuff, while women are responsible for internal and domestic issues. Therefore, the endorsement of husbands or fathers is of vital importance to the Chinese women female painters for the further development in the art world. Taking Li Yin as an example, people could discover the evidence of the endorsement, or even the support from her husband. We could often see the inscription written by Ge Zhengqi, the husband of Li Yin, on Li Yin’s paintings. Inscription of husbands on wives’ art works indicate the support offered by the husbands, and it assists to the construction of the women artistic personae in providing a favorable condition for their wives to develop. In addition, some of the people also treated the appearance of inscription as one of the considerable features to prove that the art piece is not a counterfeit. In a patriarchy society, giving birth to a daughter is somehow a loss as she would not be able to provide benefits to the family since she is not allowed to work outside. The appearance of the Chinese women artists is one of the cases that changed this concept. Even their wives’ art pieces were amateur works, husbands may use these works to exchange benefits, in any form. Benefit could be money, or gift, it could also be practical advantage. No matter what form the benefits were, it still brought benefits to the families of the Chinese female
I read the book, Bound, written by Donna Jo Napoli. The book is about a young chinese woman, who is bound to her father’s second wife. This is because he passed away and, back in 17th century china, young woman had very little power or say in situations. Also woman were thought to less value of worth then their livestock. Throughout the day’s of dealing with her step mom she, loves to do poetry and calligraphy.
Basically women in the past would helped men become known. Women help the men or work alongside the men, and when it came down to who’s work it was, the women
According to the article “The Body as Attire: The Shifting Meanings of Footbinding in Seventeenth-Century China”, the writer claims that there is no neutral knowledge about footbinding because most footbinding in the past was colored by China’s search for a male identity under the harm of imperialism. The act of footbinding not only kept women in a hobbled and subservient domestic, but also rendered women to satisfy certain abnormal erotic fantasies of men. The article also talks about when and why footbinding appeared in China. It mentions that footbinding is kind of the signal of genteel status in early ancient time, and was promoted in the late Ming and prohibited during early Qing period. Footbinding was looked as an expression of Chinese
During Chino’s final year at Art and Design, he was introduced to futurist who Chino wanted to do what they did as well help rekindle culture since it was dead. So they wanted to start everything from a base. Chino felt that even though they were from upper middle class, he still could relate the anger they felt even if Chino was lower class. Chino wanted to reinvent himself so he can have a better life than his parents had. This is when Chino is introduced to being more aware of his environment that he started to notice his community needed to be upgraded.
Male masculinity is an important concept around the world because it demonstrates and justifies the male authority over female. Throughout history the concept of polygamy is not uncommon in many cultures, and while the elite class in imperial China might have practice polygyny, several wives sharing one husbands, something that was consider as normative, it has brought to my attention that the lower class was involved in what society deemed as taboo, polyandry, the act of one wife with multiple husbands. Although polyandry bring shame and dishonor to the husband’s family, as implies in Matthew Sommer’s Polyandry and Wife Selling in Qing Dynasty China: Survival Strategies and Judicial Interventions, it seems like these husbands were forced to
In the conclusion, I am satisfied with the ending of “Ying-ying’s story”; First of all, this end indicates the awakening of feminism in Tang Dynasty. It related to the social background, which took place in the mid-Tang Dynasty, Tang Dynasty is the most prosperous and open dynasty. In this open-minded atmosphere, the feminist consciousness awakened and underlined. Ying-ying was different from other women images in previous traditional Chinese literature; she pursues her own love and devotes herself to her true love, which represented the sense of feminism. Her love helped her to break the yoke of Confucian thought and pursue their love even at the cost of dedicated women’s most precious
One of the first artists to arrive in the country after the revolution was Lowell Houser (1902-1971) (Pohl 360). He produced the painting, “Ajijic Maidens Carrying Water Jars” (Pohl 360). The purpose behind this painting was to share the idea that the women matched the same detail in
Though some women were treated better than others, most of those women were from wealthy families or were relatives of emperors. Women who weren’t from noble families, which was majority of the population, were required to follow a set of strict, unfair rules and look a certain way. They hardly had any say in who they married, and they were forced to marry at a very young age. The Han women were neglected of their education, and in the situations where wealthy women could, their received a different education than men. They learned about how to be good mothers and wives instead of learning skills for jobs, which completely restricted them from outside job opportunities.
In the book Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China by Jung Chang, the author talks about the stories of her grandmother and mother as well as herself during their journeys as women in China. The book discusses how gender roles, political ideology, and economic ideology in China change over time. During the entirety of Chinese history, many changes and continuities transpired and had crucial impacts on China. However, a great amount of change occurred during the time period from the 1900s to present day. These changes and continuities incorporate happenings in areas concerning the treatment of women, political structure, and economic capacity.
Confucian ideas highlight the need to have a heir, thus the Emperor need to be sexually active, which explains the very large number of women in the inner court. However, according to Confucian ideals, the Emperor was not supposed to retain any pleasure from this encounters. therefore leading to a paradox hard to overcome by the Emperor and even harder to enforce by the outer court officials depute their moral concerns. Song women were also granted for the first time considerable legal rights. In fact, Song Dynasty is seen as a high point for women property point in China, further challenging Confucian traditional patrilinality.
since then. The factor we will look at contributing to the happiness of American women is the relative income between partners in a marriage, looking at both the happiness of white and African American women we will see the difference in how the relation of relative income affects the marriage of the partners. It turns out that the marital happiness of African American and white women is influenced the relative income of the partners under special circumstances. As Furdyna and Tucker and James indicate from their findings whites are more likely than African Americans to report high marital happiness. They also found that African American wives are more likely to earn as much or more than their husbands.
In contrast to past times, this new Tang Dynasty with its new beliefs allowed women to enjoy education in schools, have choice in marriage, work, and many other things. Laws also now allowed females to own land, conduct business, and inherit their spouses land. During this time, women could initiate divorce without punishment, while in the past they were forced to maintain marriage with their husband. Women could now learn and participate in history, politics, economics, military learning and more. Some women even fought in battles.
In the 19th century many debates raged on the correct way to showcase a women’s body in a painting. “What was the relationship between women’s moral and sexual nature?” (pg. 272), artist worked to find a balance between these two concepts. A successful combination of these two topics can be seen in the can be seen in Eclogue by artist Kenyon Cox. Cox’s painting depicts four women naked and partially clothed lounging about together in a field.
This goes along with the gender inequality within the household. They brought that attitude into the workforce which helped transition the gender hierarchy that existed in the household, into the factories and other production facilities. Ideas of women’s placement in society were underpinned by legal, political, and social practices which subordinated women. They were seen as less important. One circumstance that made women seem less powerful was how poorly they were paid compared to men.
The inherited Tao representation, of the mountains and the city during the Mingle era, was influenced by the cultural and philosophical obedience of the society, and especially among the expression of Arts and Chinese Paintings. The philosophy continues to demonstrate a more resilient opinion concerning landscape, construction and the demographical wealth, which encountered the government to build and preserve this cultural-heritage style. For instance, earning money in such an artistic manner was meant to, decorate and open new insights to the aristocratic bourgeois to build more of what is believed, the Cultural Aspect behind the painting.