Figure 15: FTIR spectra of pantoprazole sodium+kollicoat MAE 30DP Drug-excipient compatability studies: FTIR In the FTIR spectra of pure drug and different polymers it is observed that the peaks of major functional groups which are present in spectrum of pure drug are observed in combination of drug and polymers. There was no appearance or disappearance of any characteristics peak in the FTIR spectrum of Optimized formulation. This shows that there is no chemical interaction between the drug and the polymers used .The presence of peaks at the expected range confirms that the materials taken for the study are genuine and there were no possible interactions occurred. 7.1.2 PREFORMULATION CHARACTERISTICS Table 23: Preformulation of powder blend of pantoprazole sodium core tablet Formulation code Angle of repose Bulk density (gm/cm2) Tapped density (gm/cm2) Hausners ratio %compressibility C1 25.7±0.03 0.34±0.02 0.42±0.03 1.24 19.04±0.01 C2 26.8±0.01 0.36±0.02 0.45±0.05 1.26
Keywords: Ketoconazole, Antifungal agents, Optimization, Baker Lonsdale model, Peppas model, Higuchi plot INTRODUCTION The main objective was to design diffusion controlled microsphere drug delivery system of ketoconazole in order to sustain the delivery of the drug and thereby reduce the gastrointestinal disturbances and dose related adverse effects like hepatic dysfunction and allergic reactions as observed with conventional oral dosage form of ketoconazole (tablet). Ketoconazole microspheres prepared using dichloromethane, one of the class II solvents proposed in ICH guidelines (Q3C) to be used in the pharmaceutical industry because of their low toxic potential, as the coacervating agent to reduce residual solvent. MATERIALS
It is convenient to use dried egg as it can be stored for longer period. Dried egg products, which are available in the market, are whole egg solids, yolk solids, fortified whole egg solids with varying proportions of yolks and whites. Spray dried egg whites can impair whipping characteristics, colour and flavor. During the time of fermentation by bacteria or yeast, glucose can be removed from the whites prior to drying method, thus eliminating the negative effect of this sugar on the dried egg whites. If the glucose remains in the dried egg whites, it causes browning due to Millard reaction during the storage.
4.4 EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY : To achieve the objective of the present study various procedural steps were followed. The studies and test that were performed for the development of CA nanosuspension have been explained as under. 4.4.1 : Preformulation study of CA : 4.4.1.1 Drug Characterization: 4.4.1.1.1 Organoleptic properties: The CA was analysed Organoleptic properties. The qualitative evaluation like colour, odour and taste of the drug was performed. Results have been depicted in table IV and that complies with USP standard for CA.
Allowing the solution to cool facilitated addition of DCM with minimal vapour formation, as well as lower the solubility of caffeine in water. Organic solvent DCM provided an immiscible layer to extract caffeine in liquid-liquid extraction. Due to differences in solubility of caffeine between 25°C DCM (14g/100g) and 25°C water (2.16g/100ml), caffeine molecules could be extracted from water to DCM at 25°C [2,3]. To account for the difference in solubility, the structure of caffeine must be taken into account (Figure 1). Caffeine has the ability to form hydrogen bonds with water as the Oxygen and Nitrogen atoms have free electrons.
The release profile of formulation F4 showed peppas kinetics. Other formulation showed Matrix kinetics. Except for optimized formulation F4 (r2 = 0.9808), all other formulations were governed by diffusion mechanism. Stability studies There were no significant changes in terms of physical characteristics, drug content, tensile strength and in vitro permeation rate and patches were found to be physically and chemically stable after 30 and 60 days at different storage conditions.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF ZERO AND FIRST ORDER SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF IN EMPAGLIFLOZIN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM N.PADMAJA2, G.VEERABHADRAM1 * Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmaina University, Hyderabad, India. Faculty of Pharmacy, University College of Technology, Osmaina University, Hyderabad, India. Corresponding Author Email: gvbhadram@gmail.com ABSTRACT Objective: Two simple accurate and precise, linear zero and first order Spectrophotometry methods were developed and validated for the estimation of Empagliflozin in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. Methods: The estimation of Empagliflozin was carried out by using the zero order and first order derivative values and measured at 275 nm and 282 nm correspondingly. The estimation of the Empagliflozin was carried out by regression equations with the standard solution, sample solution.
3. Results The preliminary phytochemical screening of the roots of P. zeylanica showed the presence of sugars, steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, quinones, phenols, and tannins (Table 11). Alkaloid was seen in ethyl acetate and methanol extracts while terpenoid was noticed only in the chloroform extract. Flavonoid was present only in the methanol extract. HPTLC fingerprinting of ethanol extract of P. zeylanica yield the following results.
Abstract Liquisolid systems is an innovative technique for enhancing solubility, dissolution and bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs. It involves changing of the drug in the liquid state into compressible and freely flowable dry powder throughout its absorption into appropriate porous carrier (e.g.microcrystalline cellulose), after that the powder coated with material has a highly adsorption capacity (known as colloidal silica). Orally disintegrating tablets represent a novel dosage form that overcomes the difficultiess of swallowing and provides a fast onset of action. Zolmitriptan is a slightly soluble drug used for treatment of acute headache of migraine; it's known to suffer from first pass effect with bioavailability of 40 %. The aim of the present work was to formulate Zolmitriptan as orodispersible tablets
Solid dispersions formulated to improve solubility & dissolution rate of poorly soluble drug Clopidogrel Bisulfate. Physical mixtures & solid dispersions of clopidogrel bisulfate were prepared with carboxymethylcellulose sodium and xanthan gum in the weight ratios of 1:1,1:3 and 1:5 using kneading method. The prepared solid dispersions were characterized by solubility determination, drug content, in vitro dissolution and accelerated stability studies. The results revealed that solid dispersions showned improvement in solubility and dissolution characteristics than the physical mixtures and pure drug. The reasons for increase in solubility and dissolution rate is decrease in particle size, increased surface area, amorphous state of the drug