Police patrol communities to help prevent crimes, investigate incidences of crime, and arrest people suspected of committing crimes. Once a person is arrested, they enter the courts system. Courts System The courts system consists of attorneys, judges and juries. In the courts, the guilt or innocence of the suspect is determined. After the evidence is presented and weighed, and after the suspect, now defendant, is offered the opportunity to confront his accusers, he is either released or is found to have committed the alleged crimes.
Differential Association Edwin Sutherland Theory proports that through interaction with others individuals learn values, attitudes, techniques, motives for criminal behaviour. Two different cultures exist, with one being criminal and the other conventional. Normal learning occurs through verbal and non verbal communication that helps to establish whether attitudes of individuals is favorable to law violation through normal learning processes by individuals who are disposed towards breaking the law. They develop motivation for engaging in criminal activity and attitudes that drives them to deviate. Different cycles of criminality can also influence their lives where criminal behavior occurs with intimate interactions through socialization.
The principal problems arising in that part of the criminal process which governs events before trial relate to the nature of police powers and procedure in the investigation of offences. The Code of Criminal Procedure 1973 confers wide powers upon our police of making arrests. In addition to the power of arrest, the code bestows upon the police powers parallel to the magistrate to release and arrest person on bail. I. When Police may arrest without warrant U/s 41 Cr.PC.
Overall, sometimes juvenile crimes are caused by mental illness. “Estimates reveal that approximately 50 to 75 percent of the 2 million youth encountering the juvenile justice system meet criteria for a mental health disorder. Approximately 40 to 80 percent of incarcerated juveniles have at least one diagnosable mental health disorder” (MDPI). In murder cases, the judges do not take into consideration that maybe the teen killers have a mental problem so they send them to prison instead of a mental institution. A mental illness can make the person commit acts they are not aware of or just have no control over.
Sociology of Law and Order Introduction The act of examining why people commit crime is very vital because it assists in knowing how crime is handled. Because of this, many theories have come up that try to explain why crime occurs and the possible remedies to the causes. When crime is committed, every society would have its own way of framing laws that can be used to punish lawbreakers. Thus, the kind of punishment given to a criminal depends on the society one is living in. what becomes obvious is that no matter what punishment the society gives, the decision is affected by theories of punishment.
Criminal Investigative Analysis, also known as criminal (offender) profiling, is an investigative tool which is used within the law enforcement community to help solve violent crimes. According to Canter (2005), an investigative psychology describes a framework that integrates several range of aspects in to all contexts of criminal and civil investigation.The analysis is based on a review of evidence from the crime scene and from witnesses and victims. The analysis is done from both an investigative and a behavioural perspective. The contributions that psychologists can make to police investigations are most widely known and understood as this offender profiling. Offender profiling, as typically practised, is the process by which individuals,
Where the condemned man was convicted after a swift execution, the most significant impact of a miscarriage of justice is irreversible. Wrongly executed people still occasionally receive a posthumous pardon, basically lose faith, or have their own beliefs revoked. Many countries with a condemnation of the death penalty before the execution for 10 years or more, so any new evidence, they might not guilty (or, at least, provide a reasonable doubt), there will be enough time to emerge. Even if people do not perform miscarriage of justice, may be a substantive years imprisonment and irreversible impact on people and their families. The risk of a miscarriage of justice, and therefore the parameters of long sentences, such as life imprisonment, but the sentence under brutal conditions.
The purpose of civil law is to deal with the disputes between these parties where compensation is awarded to the victim. Criminal Law is the body of law that deals “with crime and the legal punishment of criminal offenses” . The purpose of criminal law is to maintain the stability of the state and society by punishing offenders and deterring them and others from offending. They have different structures when it comes to their proceedings. Civil proceedings can take place in different courts depending on the remedies being sought.
The laws say that married males involved in homosexual practices are penalized by death done by stoning. The bachelors are punished by whipping or a year's imprisonment . The women, on the other hand, are sentenced to seven years term in prison. Even though Russia has not yet given a penalty for homosexual acts, the country still holds a strong position against any public acts or positive comment about
In order to apply this principle there involves a delicate judicial balancing of competing interests of the accused, the public and the victim. When an offence is committed, the state will apprehend the accused and bring him to trial and if he is found guilty he will