Lauren Tan
AP Lang - Afram
Period 6
30 May 2017
Stem Cells Controversy
Scientists and doctors need to be able to have access to stem cells in order to save and improve more people’s lives. In 2010, there was a two-year-old girl born in South Korea who was born without a windpipe. She was not able to eat, drink, swallow, or breathe on her own for three years and doctors thought she was not going to make it. But, by using the two-year-old girl’s own stem cells from her bone marrow, scientists were able to perform an operation on her, which eventually saved her life. In October 2014, scientists discovered that human embryonic stem cells had the ability to improve the vision in a group of patients who had become legally blind. Stem cells have the
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Stem cell research first started in 1960 when researchers discovered that there were stem cells found in bone marrow (Science Learning Hub). In 1978, blood stem cells were found in the human umbilical cord. In 1999, scientists discovered that stem cells had the ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types. Two years later, President George Walker Bush permitted federal funding for stem cell research. Stem cell research has come a long way; many improvements and discoveries have been made throughout the years, and are still continuing to. Stem cell controversy first started to arise in 1998 when scientists started removing stem cells from human embryos. Some individuals were excited that stem cells had the potential to cure a plethora of diseases. Others wondered if it was morally right to destroy human embryos. This controversy lead to political leaders debating on whether or not stem cell research should receive funding or …show more content…
The removal of inner cell mass prevents blastocysts from developing, which would otherwise be destroyed or discarded by clinics if the blastocysts were not used for research (Mandal). COMMENTARY. Stem cells life-saving benefits and the parents that choose to donate umbilical cord blood are contributing to this fight against deadly diseases (Save the Cord Foundation). Because stem cells are so versatile, they can be used to treat a variety of diseases such as sickle cell anemia, leukemia, or lymphoma. MORE
The essay “Best Hope Lies in Privately Funded Stem Cell Research”, states the importance of stem cell research and the effects it can have on curing disease more effectively than any other method. Written by Sigrid Fry-Revere, PhD, director of bioethics studies at the Cato Institute; the author of the paper emphasizes the importance of funding programs for stem cell research on highlights the government holding out on funding due to ethical reasons. Revere claims that the government is threatening the private investing of stem cell research organizations and are trying to put a stop to production of research. This essay is targeted for people who are academic/bioethics orientated and the future of the world disease control and abolishment.
Ian Kerridge and Ronald Fung in "Uncertain Translation, Uncertain Benefit And Uncertain Risk: Ethical Challenges Facing First-In-Human Trials Of Induced Pluripotent Stem (Ips) Cells" talk about the discovery of “induced pluripotent stem (iPS)” in 2006 and its application in cell replacement therapy, and how it changed the debate on the ethics stem cell. In the article Ian and Ronald explain how iPS is different from the regular stem cell, and how it changes the debate of ethics in this matter. The problems with the ethics and stem cells are the experiments, and use of embryos, and ova taken from women and do research with it. Although the iPS is one alternative to the stem cell research, are different from the normal human stem cells. In conclusion
One of the biggest health benefits I have read about is spinal cord repair. Davis 2 These stem cells could potentially give the people with severed spinal cords, who are paralyzed, a chance at a normal life. I know if I was stuck in a wheel chair I would want research like this to be done so I would have hope that maybe one day I would get to live a normal life outside of a wheel chair. I think one of the biggest arguments against embryonic stem cell research is over
Embryonic stem cell research was established in the early 80’s and has since sparked into a highly controversial issue involving religious debates over the use of human embryos. Embryonic stem cells are considered to be unspecialized cells, which can be manipulated into specialized cells such as a skin cell or a heart cell. The specialized cells could potentially cure conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, heart disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cystic fibrosis, and spinal cord injuries. Despite the large amount of ethical complications that come along with the utilization of stem cells, I advocate that stem cell research should be expanded and developed more widely in the medical field.
In recent years, several competing viewpoints have emerged about embryonic stem cell research. All of this debate raises an important question, Should embryonic stem cell research be conducted for treatment of present and future diseases? People who believe that an embryo should not be destroyed tend to say that embryonic stem cell research should not be conducted. On the other hand, people who believe that embryonic stem cell research creates means of curing diseases reply that the research should be conducted. Embryonic stem cell research “uses special cells found in three-to-five day old human embryos to seek cures for a host of chronic disease” (PRC).
Some pro-life advocates see the matter of ESCT differently when the embryos involved will be discarded anyways, or in other words, it will be aborted. While the idea of abortion is not supported by some, it is not illegal. Persons with strong pro-life views oppose research not matter what stage of the embryo. Some people got through miscarriages, and the parents have the option to donate stem cells from said embryo for medical research purposes. This means that instead, of just disposing of the fetus it will be used to create needed organs, tissue, skin, and cures.
The major replacement of taking embryonic stem cells is sacrificing already developed adult stem cells.(Right to Life of Michigan, 2016) The stem cells of adults can be easily conformed to the selected research requirements. Abnormalities in adult stem cells are less likely than embryonic stem cells to regenerate in the research being performed.(Stem Cell Controversy,2016) Another option is an altered nuclear transfer (ANT); which an embryo is not created and any other cell except for the egg cell can be genetically altered and transferred back into the female egg.(Stem Cell Controversy, 2016)This activity does not require harming an actual human embryo for the means of the medical research. Additionally, a blastomere extraction can be accomplished on the fertilized egg at two days old; in which, the mundane embryo endures division between the cell and egg eliminating full devastation.
Presenting on the topic of embryonic stem cell research introduced me to a completely new idea. Before my group and I took on this completely new idea to us, I had a very broad understanding of this form of research and what it could do for the world. Through extensive research by both myself, and my group members, I now have a completely new understanding of the subject, and why there is so much controversy surrounding the subject. To begin the project, each member of the group chose a lens to research.
From the first isolation of embryonic stem cells in 1998, to manipulation and differentiation of mice tissue, to produce different cell types in 1999 and 2000 (Marnaghan 2015), there has been huge controversy over the ethical bases behind research of Embryonic Stem Cells (ESC’s) and their ethical uses. Other problems, which have been arising in this field of research, are the issues of patenting (Bergman & D.Graff 2007). For Pharmaceutical companies and scientists, to invest time and money into researching and discovering treatments for diseases, be it neurodegenerative or not, they need more of an incentive. Unfortunately, up until recently stem cells and their experimental method could not be patented due to the cells originating from an
Stem cells have the potential to cure specific diseases such as Parkinson 's, Alzheimer 's, Diabetes, and Cancer. A few years ago, you could only get stem cell transplants from specific doctors, But as of 2015 there are 170 clinics that can do the procedure. The way that they implant the stem cells into the patient 's body is by putting the cells straight into the bloodstream or by inserting the cells into the patient 's bone marrow. They extract all of the stem cells that they need and then they take out the patient 's dead stem cells and put in the donor 's healthy stem cells.
CONCLUSION From the above study it can be concluded that stem cell therapy and stem cell research are both controversial topics of discussion. Stem cell research is considered both unethical and immoral because it interferes with the development of a new life. Also, there are many health risks in a stem cell treatment, such as the rejection of the cells or the formation of tumors or cancers. rch
This experimentation, however, has caused a controversy in ethical issues. Many people believe that embryonic stem cell research is very unethical for it uses the embryo of a soon to be child for its studies. Many people against abortion feel that this goes hand in hand for it takes the embryo of what was to be a child in the future. Others believe that this embryo research is neccesarry to help prolong the lives of those who are already living. In the novel “Unwind” they used the unwinding process to prolong life with organ donation as they are attempting to do with stem cells.
Stem cell therapy, also known as bone marrow transplant, is an increasingly common procedure that while causing great controversy, continues to save lives. The idea of using “stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition,” began decades ago, when the fear of losing one’s bone marrow to nuclear radiation was a worrisome topic. Scientist discovered that high amounts of radiation would not only destroy the bone marrow but internal organs as well, meanwhile, those who were exposed to lower, controlled levels of radiation would be likely to survive a bone marrow transplant. As expected whenever a new discovery comes into light, scientists became intrigued by the idea and it was in the 1960s that E. Donnall Thomas of New York began to experiment with radiation therapy prior to bone marrow transplant. Even with
This basis came from the Catholic Church Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition. Method for obtaining embryonic stem cell that result in the death of the prenatal was gravely immoral, regardless of how the embryo's life begins. Kaufman (2001) “There was definitely a dark side to stem cell research and therapy, however there was hope. This hope maybe intricate to reach
Stem cell therapies have the potential to be able to regenerate all of the tissues in the human body and along with gene therapy could be the most powerful tools in medicine with the potential to treat a