(U) The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia (FARC) never has and never will conduct a cyber-attack against the United States or its interests. Prior to June 2016 FARC was a violent guerilla organization. Although they would have benefitted from cyber warfare strategies, they only ever utilized traditional guerilla and terror tactics. The FARC was not technologically adept enough to be a cyber threat. Today, the FARC wants to establish itself as a political party and therefore has dropped its overt hostility. Conducting an attack of any kind would contradict their current objective. (U) The FARC would have benefitted from utilizing cyber warfare techniques. The FARC was a communist guerilla group who opposed, “the privatization of natural …show more content…
These kinds of attacks are effective, however, they required the FARC to take on a violent role. They also used violent acts such as extortion and kidnapping for ransom to fund their organization. If the FARC wanted the public to receive them well they should not have used such violent strategies. Kidnappings, attacks and extortion are activities conducted by criminals. People would see the FARC as criminals no matter how noble their objectives were. If the FARC would have utilized cyber warfare and terror techniques instead, they could still work to cripple the government without appearing to be violent criminals to the rural public. “It [cyberterrorism] refers to unlawful attacks and threats of attack against computers, networks, and the information stored therein when done to intimidate or coerce a government or its people in …show more content…
The FARC was an innovative organization. They were the first known organization to create and utilize narco-submarines to smuggle drugs across the ocean.2 The FARC never applied their innovative abilities towards the cyber realm, however. The FARC focused their efforts on improving the efficiency and effectiveness of their chosen methods instead of looking for different ones. The closest it seems the FARC came to being cyber-capable was the use of email.1 “The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia (FARC) us[ed] e-mail to field inquiries from the press.”1 The FARC never employed the use of any other cyber-related asset to perform any mission tasks during their existence as a guerilla organization. It is highly likely the FARC was simply not knowledgeable of the potential benefits cyber strategies could yield. The FARC existed in the era of no internet and in a country that likely had little internet access even when it did become available. The FARC’s leadership still consisted of primarily their original members up until very recently. These leaders were older individuals who probably never considered accomplishing their objectives through cyber means. The FARC was open to trying new methods to reach their goals, cyber strategies were just not one of
Additionally, there is another example that proves this claim which can be seen through the Vietnam War: This is known as the Gulf of Tonkin. The year 1964 would mark the formal involvement of the U.S. entering the Vietnam War issued by President Lyndon B. Johnson. Having similar ideas like those of the CIA interventions, the U.S. also had intentions of stopping communism from happening in Vietnam. All starting because of two separate attacks on two US Navy destroyers: “U.S.S Maddox and U.S.S Turner Joy” (Gulf of Tonkin Resolution), the Gulf of Tonkin shows how similar to Operation Cyclone and Pearl Harbor it really was to the idea of increasing military supplies based on both threats of communism and threats of attacks, as well as gaining the support of Americans by justifying these threats as “major problems that must be taken care of all in the name of “protecting and serving our nation”.
Farc is Colombia’s largest rebel group. They were founded in 1964 as an armed wing of the Communist party. They follow the Marxist-Leninist ideology. Their main founders were small farmers and land workers. They banded together to fight against the levels of inequality in Colombia.
The National Security Act of 1947 Enacted in 1947, The National Security Act is a renowned legislation that implemented a number of major changes in the government intelligence and military agencies during the Second World War. This act was aimed at promoting the national security of the U.S by reorganization the structure of the country’s defense system. For instance, the act provided creation and for the coordination of activities in various departments agencies including the National Military Establishment, the Department of the Air Force and the Department of the Army, among others. It also created the position of the Secretary for Defense, which paved way for the creation of the Department of Defense. This paper provides an insightful
It’s been over 200 years since the original thirteen colonies of America fought their revolutionary war against Great Britain, in hopes of achieving their independence. We shall be going through a few areas of the Revolution, such as the military, social hierarchy, the role of men and women during the war, the colonists’ values of equality and their social contract response to the British government’s abuses, and we’ll compare these areas to the present day. The American Revolution started around April of 1775, when British redcoats and American militiamen exchanged gunshots in Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts. However, that was only the beginning of the fighting; the reasons for the war date from years prior, when resistance from the
Iran Contra Scandal The Iran-Contra affair was a controversial political scandal that dealt with senior US figures who had been facilitating the sale of arms to Iran, that was under an arms embargo, to secure the release of the hostages and to fund the Nicaraguan anti communist rebel contras. The secret operation was brought out to the public in 1986 after a Lebanese publication reported about how the US sold arms to the Irans. The information was pulled out of a US pilot that was shot down and shocked many because the Reagan administration had denounced the Iran as a terrorist supporter. Prior to the arms were sold to the Irans the US enacted the Boland Amendment, which limited the assistance of the Us to the Irans.
Between 1980 and late 1990’s there was a revolutionary group opposed to Peru’s predominant political elites. The small communist group was led by Abimael Guzman. He and his group, the Shining Path, frequently used terrorist strategies in their effort to disrupt and defeat the Peruvian government. The Shining Path didn’t act alone.
I was born in Cartagena, Colombia which is a country that have its origin time, from the rebellion of the colonies against the Spanish monarchy. It is the rebellion that characterized my country in favor to defend human rights and social inequality by our governors. Small guerilla groups were conformed with social ideals in profit the population to fight the injustices and corruption by the state. That definition of "guerilla" was known to me in early history class at school. Around 2000, the term "guerilla" was regular sounds at the radio, but in this time its purposes was different from the base that the group was created which was to fight Colombia 's inequality and corruption government at that time.
The government saw that many people were beginning to use technology as their primary means of communication. They addressed this by allowing the government to look at emails of people they suspected of being involved
The book, The Massacre at El Mozote is a significant book that is bringing the story about the Massacre in El Mozote out of the dark and into the light. The book is generally about how the Massacre happened and who was involved in it all. The things that are talked about in it are the El Salvadoran Civil-War, Terrorism and the people are involved in it all. The author, Mark Danner was trying to explain about how this all happened and how the rest of the world responded and reacted to it. Throughout the whole book there were questions appearing like, How did the U.S. play in the role to fight communism?
Joint Planning for Operation Anaconda SFC Spurlock, Matthew MLC Class 005-18 Joint Planning for Operation Anaconda Since the beginning of the Global War on Terrorism, there have been numerous battles. One of the most important battles that shaped future joint planning of operations was Operation Anaconda. The outcome of this operation was ultimately successful, however, the original intent from the commanders were not met due to errors in the joint planning process. Joint planning during Operation Anaconda proved ineffective because of inaccurate intelligence about the terrain and weather, the exemption of Air Force and Navy during the initial planning phase, and false assumptions about the enemy. Intelligence Intelligence Preparation
The Violent American Century: War and Terror Since World War II by John W. Dower provides an excellent overview of the “American Century” that Henry Luce coined in the 1940s. In his essay, “The American Century,” Luce “called on all Americans ‘to accept wholeheartedly our duty and our opportunity as the most powerful and vital nation in the world and in consequence to exert upon the world the full impact of our influence, for such purposes as we see fit and by such measures as we see fit’” (Dower, 13). Dower takes the concept of the “American Century” and continues by discussing throughout each chapter the violence that erupted from the United States following World War II. Through his analysis, he concedes that the United States, as a nation
As wisely stated by Junaid Raza, “We hurt people, when we give ourselves more value than others.” When people are on different levels of perspective or beliefs, they tend to hurt each other due to negative stereotyping, mistrust, non-negotiability, and reframing. All of these are projected due to the sense that their values are being threatened, or that only one can obtain superiority. Hatred is prevalent everywhere in this world and there’s no escaping it. This is shown tremendously within Elie Wiesel’s “Night” in the aspects of negative stereotyping and reframing.
Plan Colombia, an initiative created to combat the increasing drug epidemic in Colombia, has been in action for over a decade. In an effort to bring peace to the nation and reduce the production and sale of narcotics, numerous key agents have become involved in the affair at both the regional and international level. Utilizing geo-cultural structures and a variety of ideologies, these agents are able to justify their actions in the nation and continue diffusing tension in Colombia as well as combating the drug trade. In addition, limitations of both sovereignty and absolutism are evident in this initiative. Overall, these aspects of Plan Colombia have led to its tremendous influence in the world today.
I- Introduction A major disruptive factor in Colombia nowadays is the illicit drug trade which had and still has a considerable weight on the political, economic and social stability of the country. To understand more the current situation of the Republic of Colombia, we will first examine its recent history focusing on the 20th century and the key events that led to its situation now. Colombia has witnessed two civil war already, both caused by the tensions between its two dominant political parties, “the War of the Thousand Days” between 1899-1903 with 120 000 casualties and “La Violencia” from 1948-1958 with 250 000 - 300 000 losses that eventually led to the formation of a National Front and the ban of other political parties. Some
One of the primary reasons for the difficulty in bringing the perpetrators of the human rights violations to account in post-conflict Peru was that there were not one, but two distinct groups who carried out the human rights violations during the period of conflict. These were the guerrilla organisations who operated at the time and the ruling government. The existence of two separate entities committing human rights abuses meant it was more difficult to determine, and bring to justice the people violating the human rights of the Peruvian people. The guerrilla organisations involved in the Peruvian armed struggle were the Marxist-Leninist group - the Tupac Amaru Military Revolution (or MRTA) and the Maoist insurgency group - Sendero Luminoso