This essay outlines two of the many perspectives used by psychologists to understand human behaviours, namely Humanism and Psychoanalysis. It gives a detailed discussion on the key factors of the two perspectives and also makes a distinction between such factors. The central ideas of the aforementioned perspectives are also discussed in the essay below together with the methods of discovery used to explore human behaviour. Furthermore, a comparison of the strengths and weaknesses of Humanism and Psychoanalysis are outlined in the paragraphs below. The idea of Psychoanalysis was first brought about by Dr Sigmund Freud.
James split the self into two components, the objective self (me) and the subjective self (I). Poll and Smith (2003) remarked that psychodynamic theories place more emphasis on the objective self unlike James. The psychodynamic school was founded by Sigmund Freud and tries to explain individual’s personality and behaviour in terms of underlying conscious and unconscious forces. Thus, a strong emphasis is placed on the unconscious and childhood experiences as these are thought to help shape personality. Psychoanalytic Theory (S. Freud, 1900) The best-known psychodynamic theory of personality is S. Freud’s
INTRODUCTION Psychoanalysis, a particular method of medical treatment of mental illness was developed by Sigmund Freud. He derived this method from his clinical observations as well as his theoretical speculations regarding poetic and artistic creation and religion. Psychoanalysis gradually became known as the science of unconscious mental processes, and the usefulness of its theories became valuable for the understanding of the metal behavior in health as well as diseases. As a physician who specialized in treating the mentally ill, Freud developed a comprehensive theory concerning the psychological structure and functioning of the human mind. Freud’s most fertile years were those between 1895 and 1900.
Introduction The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast three psychotherapeutic models, namely, Adlerian Therapy (AT), Aaron Beck’s Cognitive Therapy (CT) and Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT). The paper covers the similarities and differences of the underlying assumptions and the key concepts of the theories. Next, their therapeutic goals and relationships are explored. Lastly, the techniques and procedures of the therapies are discussed. The conclusion provides an overall summary of the major themes in this paper.
Personality is, "the pattern of enduring characteristics that produce consistency and individuality in a given person" (pg. 438). In part, it is the behaviors that make us unique and set us apart from one another. It is also, what drives us to act consistently in a variety of settings. There are few different theories and approaches to understanding on personality and personality traits and why we behave the way we do Psychoanalytic theory is, Freud 's theory that, "unconscious forces act as determinants of personality" (pg.
The theory assumes certain metaphysical elements such as psychic energy, the interaction between personality structures and the unconscious. However, evidence for these can be found in things like ‘slips of the tongue’, dreams and other inferential examples. Some of the core assumptions of psychoanalytic therapy are; “psychological problems originate in the subconscious mind, observable symptoms are caused by hidden disturbances, causes of psychological illnesses involve unresolved issues during development or repressed trauma and treatment focuses on exposing repressed conflict where the patient can deal with it” (McLeod, 2007). In the case of Malusi I would assume a deeper psychological conflict to be the cause of his various complaints. For example, unresolved developmental issues and repressed trauma could be a major contributor especially in light of his father abandoning the family in childhood and the loss of his grandfather.
Edmund Husserl, the founder of phenomenology, is arguably one of the most important philosophers in terms of the development of twentieth-century continental philosophy. Husserl develops phenomenology as a new rigorous eidetic science of consciousness (the study of essence) which subsequently inspires a generation of philosophers and social scientists in Germany, France, and Great Britain. First this paper will look at the background from which Husserl’s philosophy emerged. Secondly, Husserl’s main philosophical periods will be discussed. Thirdly, the essay will examine the phenomenological reduction in detail and explore subsequent criticism.
However, in postmodern fictions there is other attempting to define the concept of gender identity in light of the psychological perception. Carter’s postmodern feminist assumption emphasizes the role of the psychological aspects in forming individual’s gender identity. For example, in School of Sympathy (1948) Nancy Roberts defines identity as, “who we think we are who we tell our-selves we are or ought to be” (p. 19). She suggests that gender identity is a sense that we try to form. Nevertheless, she, in clarifying this definition, also highlights the impact of some norms, which can affect this feeling: “To some extent this identity is usually based on race, class, ethnicity gender and sexual orientation” (p. 19).
Over the years, many theories have been developed to study the human personality. Some of the notable theories are psychoanalytic theory, trait theory, humanistic theory and behavioural theory. In this assignment, we have chosen to compare and contrast the psychoanalytic and humanistic theories. Psychoanalytic Theory Sigmund Freud formed the basis of psychoanalytic theories which are also known as the Freudian theories or psychodynamic theories. One of the theories that he proposed was the theories on instincts which are the life and death instinct.
1. How would you define psychology? When divorced psychology out as a science? • The psychology has evolved from being "the doctrine of the soul" to become "the study of consciousness, perception and behavior." Psychology is a science that is about understanding the human psyche and behavior, and that simultaneously explains why the human experience, feel, think and act as they do.