1.) Introduction
My research paper discovers if there is a link between early childhood physical abuse and psychopathic behaviour in adulthood. My sources allowed me to gather information about many different theories regarding if there is a relationship between the above variables. If so, how likely is the chance of abused children become psychopaths as adults?
My research will include studying the early childhood of notorious psychopaths, such as; John Wayne Gacy Jr. He was born to submissive mother and to a father who is both an alcoholic and an abuser. Gacy and his siblings would be physically assaulted whenever his father thought that he or his siblings were misbehaving. Gacy became a serial rapist and killer of young men as the result
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Craparo, A. Schimmenti, V. Caretti (European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 2013)
The source is a study done on a group of violent offenders from Italy in order to determine the effect of physical trauma/neglect in childhood on the development of psychopathic behaviour in adulthood. The source investigates 22 criminal offenders who, at some stage in their lives, have had a traumatic (physical) experience. The scientists conducting the experiment used the Hare Psychopathy Checklist—Revised (PCL-R) which measures the presence of psychopathic tendencies in an individual by “checking” a number of personality traits. The study found that the offenders who experienced early childhood physical trauma scored the highest in the Hare Psychopathy Checklist—revised test.
The sample group is of a minimal number and the experiment was only completed once, which decreases the accuracy of results. The source, however, is trustworthy because the experimenters assessed criminal offenders with different criminal misdemeanours and childhood physical trauma experiences. This ensures that the results could apply to any person who has been traumatised physically in their
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The study was used as a doctorate qualification, which means the source is set at a good standard. The authors who wrote it both have PhDs in psychology, and they are highly cited by many other authors around the world. Although the source was written in 1999, it is often referred to by other sources to do with this topic, this makes the source a reliable source.
2.3) Early Abuse and the Subtypes of Psychopathy
A. Cook (Master's thesis, Pacific University, 2010)
The source discusses the relevancy of childhood physical trauma in the development of psychopathic behaviour. The authors concluded that the sample inmates whom acquired the highest Hare Psychopathy Checklist—Revised (PCL-R) scores were found to be those whom had suffered intense childhood physical abuse.
The study implies that the type of physical abuse endured is not a factor in calculating the Hare Psychopathy Checklist—Revised (PCL-R).
The source is dependable because it is written by a Master’s student in the School of Professional Psychology at Pacific University. The source uses citations as evidence to prove the above thesis. The source contains more than one successful experiment to demonstrate the role played by childhood physical trauma in the progression of a psychopath. Therefore, the source is
Through the case study of Robert P. Hanssen, we can highlight that psychopathy is still
That is because the given statistics is taken from the credible sources and that in turn, makes it appropriate enough within the provided context. Moreover, Beaty, in order to appeal to her readers, uses pathos while explaining a variety of emotional behaviors. In particular, the author introduces a number of killers, including John Wayne Gacy, Ted Bundy, and Jeffrey Dahmer. By doing this, she analyses their psychopathic tendencies developed from abusive families in which they have not received enough love and care. Also, the author mentions the failure of the mental health care system as one of the causes of the formation of such violent mental
INTRODUCTION In the current media and television, Serial killers are becoming an increasingly popular Phenomenon . Movies are being made about many of them, such as “IT” which was created is in relation to John Wayne Gacy ‘ The Killer Clown’. Many professionals such as criminologist, Academics and Psychologists have been searching for reasons, as to why a person would feel the urge to engage in committing heinous crimes and sequential murders. Wright (2003) states that, very little academic attention has been focused on the childhood characteristics of serial killers.
In this case study, it explores how traumatic brain injury can cause antisocial behavior and violent behavior. In the article entitled “ Does Traumatic Brain Injury cause violence”, by Drew Barzman, he stated that certain components contribute to violent behavior which is substance abuse, child hood upbringing, brain injury, and pre-existing personality disorders (Barzman,
It is well known that a dysfunctional family will cause problems for a child, but what happens when the child becomes a troubled adult? And not only that, when does she becomes a prostitute and a murderer, what were the factors that influenced Aileen Carol Wuornos, the “Damsel of Death "? Aileen Carol Wuornos was born on February 29, 1956 in Michigan United States. She was the second daughter of Diane Wuornos and Leo Pitman. The father did not appear in the life of Aileen because when she was born her parents divorced a few months later.
This research fits into my research easily as my research also focuses on child abuse as a social problem. This research explains different kinds of child abuse and then explains the reasons for them. This is where this research adds stronger argument in favor of my research. “What is Child Abuse”.
This theory clearly rules out the effect of inherited or innate factors, and the last is the cognitive theory, which is based on how the perception of an individual is manifested into affecting his or her potential and capability to commit a crime. (Psychological theories of crime) Relating these theories to the case under study, it’s clear that the behaviour can be traced most times to faulty relationships in the family during the first years of
As societal crime rate continues to escalate, the epidemic of homicides and mass murders remains a prevalent social problem. Thus, the emergence of serial killers has caused alarm among many criminologists and psychologists. Serial killers usually have an impulsive desire to kill for no particular reason, which makes it difficult for law enforcement and criminal professionals to understand their motives.
A serial killer’s violent rage may reflect the abuse and neglect endured in childhood. Their intense hatred cultivated in the early stages of childhood now will be directed at their unsuspecting victims. In The Killers Among Us, Stephen Egger claims that many case studies of mass and serial murderers discovered a reoccurring background of ”neglect and early years spent in extreme social and psychological deprivation” (Egger 29). Continually, Egger states that the most common aspect of the serial killer’s histories was the physical abuse and violent punishments inflicted on them as a child. As a result, their subconscious stores these traumatic memories and emotions, which later has a powerful result on their behaviors and emotional life
According to Richard Heyman and Amy Smith, “... victimized children grow up to victimize others,” (864). Perry did not grow up in a very stable environment. He witnessed his father abuse his alcoholic mother, who eventually took him and his siblings away from their abusive father. When his mother died, Perry spent time in an orphanage where he was a victim of both verbal and physical abuse do to his bed- wetting habit. In a study conducted by Heyman and Smith, it was discovered that a male’s likeliness to be violent during adulthood is, “increased by exposure to father-to-mother violence…” (870).
However, the individuals who did not commit suicide, usually grew up to be very vengeful, and fighters for rights. Given these points, it is understood how different types of abuse shaped individuals in different
Maltreatment has a severe impact on a child’s current and future functioning and development regarding their emotional, social, cognitive, behavioral, and physical wellbeing.(Frederico 345). Different types of abuse, such as physical, emotional, and sexual have different consequences, but the consequences of all maltreatment, are likely to happen in three stages. Firstly, a child may have an initial reaction such as post-traumatic symptoms, painful emotions, and cognitive distortions. Secondly, children develop coping strategies that are aimed to help increase their safety or reduce their pain. Thirdly, a child 's sense of self-worth is damaged and develop the feeling of shame and hopelessness..
Before considering the different forms of treatment, proper diagnosis is essential in any psychological disorder. The Hare Psychopathy Checklist- Revised (PCL-R) is a diagnostic tool created by Robert D. Hare, Ph.D., one of the world’s foremost experts in the area of psychopathy, and was initially designed to identify the degree of a person’s psychopathic tendencies. After revision, the checklist is now used for diagnosing psychopathy in individuals for clinical, legal, and/or research purposes. The test lists 20 psychopathy-related characteristics covering interpersonal relationships, emotional involvement, evidence of immoral activity/social defiance, and lifestyle (e.g. grandiose estimation of self, pathological lying, shallow affect, cunning and manipulativeness, parasitic lifestyle, impulsivity). The PCL-R consists of not only a structured interview but a review of the patient’s history as well.
hat have been developing to understand and explain the origins and causes of child abuse. Psychological Theories This theory focuses on the impulsive and psychological traits of the offenders. According to Corby (2000), often the individual abuser may have been abuse in childhood, thus causing abnormalities are responsible for abuse. i. Attachment Theory Bowlby (1951) talks about this theory whereby he explains that the separation of a child from the mother in the first five years may lead to psychological and social difficulties in later life.
In order to move up the ranks in their gangs, their crimes become more gruesome causing them to become traumatized. Initially, youth feel a sense of sympathy for the family of the victims, but it is short lived and after the guilt is passed they immerse themselves once in crime. Kelly, Anderson and Penden (2009) said that exposure to gang violence at an early stage makes the perpetrator feel sympathy for the victim, however, committing the act may lead to desensitization. Futhermore, violence increases the likelihood of aggression and violent behaviour in youth, which stimulates aggressive thoughts and behaviours. Youths which have aggressive thoughts influences their interpretation of situation, such that they inflict hostile behaviour on people.