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Psychosocial Development: A Case Study

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Question 1 Based on psychosocial stage, Eric seems to be in stage 3 where conflict about initiative and guilt arise. This is because, it was mentioned that Eric is currently in kindergarten and according to Erikson's stages, stage 3 involve individual age between 3 to 5 years old (Cloninger, 2013). Moreover, individual in this stage should start to challenge themselves and exploring the world by trying on their own. Success in this stage will lead to sense of initiative where it provides aim or direction while failure in this stage lead to sense of guilt making them fear to try new thing. In Eric scenario, there are several events indicated Eric's faced challenges in developing sense of initiative. Firstly, Eric showcase fear in exploring new situation by isolating himself from others and Eric seems to have low self- esteem as he did not …show more content…

One of the major reason that can be speculated is Eric did not successfully achieve sense of autonomy during stage 2 of psychosocial development. The sense of autonomy is important for individual as it will develop positive image about how individual see themselves. In addition, too much criticism from parents or caregivers can contribute to failure of autonomy development. Consequently, individual will not feel good about themselves and they will have low self- esteem. Hosogi, Okada, Fujii, Noguchi and Watanabe (2012) in their research emphasized children's self- esteem was affected by their environment either home or school and children with damaged self- esteem has higher chances of developing serious psychological and social problem. Based on this, it can be speculated that Eric problems in social interactions arise from his self- esteem problem. Not just that, Eric parents overindulgence making Eric become overly dependent on them causing him to have difficulties in completing simple task as he needs others to help him. Question

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