Characteristics Of Populism

Rousseau’s writings On the Social Contract critiques many aspects of modern society, including the use of representatives in most governments. With this critique, Rousseau attempts to persuade the readers that having a representative form of government is tantamount to being enslaved. This begs the question, is modern society wrong to use representative forms of governments or is Rousseau being courted by a utopian visage? Rousseau is persuasive in his arguments, however the impracticality of populaces sans representatives is a firm counterbalance. Rousseau’s main argument against the use of representatives in the political sphere is that utilising representatives thwarts any attempt at truly reaching the general will of the citizens.

The unreasonable type of Commonwealth was marked as Democracy. Democracy is a form of government where individuals would go into the assemblies of government not to do social equity but instead look for their closures. Nobody will bargain to accomplish answers for issues. This causes a breakdown during the time spent government and in the end a fall of the

Charles de Gaulle, President of France, was not enthusiastic and objected to letting France administrate its important affairs which eventually brought the 1965 crisis in the communities and finally the Luxembourg Compromise. The right to veto the decisions taken by the community, was granted by this arrangement. The other six countries were compelled to agree with his ideal intergovernmental Europe. The Luxembourg Compromise effected the European Economic Community’s decision-making. The situation of politics in France was a delicate one and therefore General de Gaulle’s desire was to strengthen the politics in France.

Edmund Burke was an English politician who disagreed with the principles of the French Revolution, taking then part on the British debate "Revolution Controversy" (1789-1795). One of the main reasons for this attitude is his criticism to those who insisted on implementing a regime of “liberty”, a term that involved different meaning for Burke considered. He was horrified by the anti-religious attitude in France and the triumph of atheism (Hampsher-Monk, 1996, p. 323 et ss). Moreover, he opposed to the influence by the Enlightenment movement on the French Revolution. Roland H. Stromberg (1990) emphasized that Burke considered the revolutionary ideas as philosophes’ mistakes.

Duterte presents himself as the crusader that goes against media and other political heads calling them out as corrupt people or the elites that are the enemy of the masses and that he is the righteous one to the people. Yet the issue of populism is not how this method is used, but how it’s used for. Political ideals that are righteously wrong that are used to make the population believe or perceive as their right, twisting the true intention of these politicians to make the populous believe that they are on their side. Professor in School of Public and International Affairs Cas Mudde would answer on populism being a political issue, “Yes, populism is an important feature of contemporary politics, but not all anti-establishment politics is populism and populist parties are not just about populism.

Their opposing party was the Democratic-Republican Party led by Thomas Jefferson and former Anti-Federalists. They were for states’ rights and a loose constitution interpretation.They were used to the norms of society; therefore, they were not ready for the Federalists to change the nation. The nation had just gotten out of the Revolutionary War and gained their independence; therefore, they believed that the Federalists would lead them back to the crown. This was the major reason that the Jeffersonians had a strong opposition towards the Federalists. After the

The nobility rejected this plan which created hostility towards the king and opposition from the first and second estate for the reforms and anger from the third estate for appeasing the nobility and clergy. This led to the authority of Louis XVI being questioned and was a contributing factor to the downfall of the Ancien regime as it highlighted the willingness of the king’s ministers in challenging the privileges of the first and second estate. This was a recurrent problem as the privileged classes again stood against the king at the Estates-general (1789). Therefore, it is indeed convincing to suggest that the inefficient taxation system under all monarchs led to the downfall of the Ancien Regime. Furthermore, it can also suggest that the first and second estates’ unwillingness to deprive themselves of some of their privileges trapped the French economy as it did not allow for the reform.

Even if we assume, however, that Hobbes’ state of nature is true, it still would not justify obeying a tyrannical government. Having to live under a tyrannical government that does not protect one’s rights is in no way better than having to compete with other people for survival. In competing with other people, at least everyone is on equal footing. However, when competing against a government, then there is a power imbalance and the government can use its power to oppress the people. Therefore, the people should have the right to rebel against such a government.

During the Revolutionary era, the birth of the U.S. Constitution gave way to the political divide between the two polarizing philosophies of Federalists and Anti-Federalists. After the economic pitfalls and decentralization the Articles of Confederation had left behind, action was taken to ameliorate its failures. With the creation of the Federalist party in by founder Alexander Hamilton, its members advocated for a stronger national government and defended the validity of the Constitution’s ratification. Contrarily, the Constitution was met with skepticism on behalf of the Anti-Federalists, who believed it would undermine state sovereignty and infringe upon their human rights. The two parties hailed from different socioeconomic backgrounds,

Government laws are necessary for our communities because if people do not agree with the government, it does not mean government decision are incorrect. In “Civil Disobedience,” Thoreau talks about government and points out the flaws in the government system. On the other hand, in “ The Grapes of Wrath,” Steinbeck talk on the birth of civilization from physical and governmental issues. Although, many cases Thoreau and Steinbeck perspectives on government contradicts with each other however they both share similar thoughts about self-government. In contrast, Thoreau begins his essay by criticizing the government system, and he believed that government is ineffective because of the stringent and barbarous laws.

The main criticism that “the current two-party system gives too much power to the extremists in each party” (Wheelan, 2013, para. 2). When people are chosen by the party to run, in many cases they represent the extremist views held and become the mascot for the party. The current system is skewed so moderates, the people some say are essential to politics, are not chosen because they do not represent the party strongly enough. These extremist candidates help to discourage education of the intricacies of individual issues because voters are forced into accepting how the party views the issue, due to either voting due to the candidate 's party affiliation, or being forced into choosing the extremist that comes closest to their own personal beliefs.

The article, “The Antifederalists Were Right”, Mises Daily, September 27, 2006 by Gary Galles examines Anti-Federalists’ predictions and if we don’t limit of the federal government it will lead to corruption of power. The Anti-Federalist believed that ratifying the U.S Constitution will create an overbearing central government. Even though the Anti-Federalist lost the debate and was overlooked, their predictions about the result of the Constitution turned out the be true. The Anti-Federalist suggested the Bill of Rights to let the people have rights, however the Constitution was too vague which leads to abuse of power. Some of the vague laws are the “general welfare” which lead to the override limits on delegated federal powers and creating

Within today’s society individuals struggle to view one another as allies, rather people categorize other’s as being enemies. This sense of individuals being suspicious of one another is not a concept that is shocking to society. For instance, during the time of the founding father’s established the United States Constitution, there were two groups: the anti federalist and the federalist. The anti-federalist opposed the ratification of the Constitution because these people were eerie of a strong federalized government that infringed on individuals right’s. As the federalist supported the Constitution and advocated that the document protected individuals from government regulations.

Anti-federalists. The Anti-federalists were the founders of popular democracy in the United States. 4 The Anti-federalists denounced the proposed Constitution as a betrayal of the democratic spirit of 1776 and the American Revolution itself. The new Constitution, they protested, took too much power away from the states and localities and gave it to the central government. In the long run, they charged, the Constitution would erode the faceto-face participation necessary for a healthy democracy.

The Anti-Federalists that opposed the constitution believed that the constitution would give too much power to the government. The Anti-Federalists argued that a powerful government would become tyrannical like the British monarchy that they worked so hard to escape from. This led them to create The Bill of Rights. Today’s government has similar problems. Nowadays some politicians believe that The Bill of Rights is a living document that can be changed or manipulated to “better fit” the era that we live in.