THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES ST. AUGUSTINE
Department of Chemistry
Faculty of Science and Technology
OESH 6600 – Independent Study and Research Methods in OESH Semester I - 2015/2016
Group Assignment #1
Lecturer: Dr. Godfrey C. St. Bernard
Group Name: Fantastic Four
Group members & Identification Number:
Farisa Ali -
Krysta-Rae Ali -
Rajiv Narinesingh -
Angelene Roopchan - 8009000760
Question 4:
Discuss the notions of reliability and validity in the context of qualitative research designs.
Discuss the various standards that are used to permit validation in the context of qualitative research methodologies.
Articulate a research problem and develop a research question in your field
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Basically, it is working from the ground up and ending with phenomena that are difficult to measure quantitatively. Essentially, any kind of research that produces findings not arrived at by means of statistical procedures or other means of quantification.”
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN
Krysta can you insert the part you did on this please? Thanks!
RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY AS IT RELATES TO QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNS
Validity in research is concerned with the accuracy and truthfulness of scientific findings (Le Comple and Goetz 1982). According to Brink (1993), “Reliability is concerned with the consistency, stability and repeatability of the informant’s accounts as well as the investigators’ ability to collect and record information accurately.” Research is said to be reliable if the same or similar results are produced using various methods. Brink (1993) also noted that “many qualitative researchers avoid the terms validity and reliability and use terms such as credibility, trustworthiness, truth, value, applicability, consistency and confirmability, when referring to criteria for evaluating the scientific merit of qualitative research.”
STANDARDS USED TO PERMIT VALIDATION IN THE CONTEXT OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
1.
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How long have you been employed at Company FF?
2. Are you aware of the effects of gaseous emissions from crude oil refining on human health?
3. Do employees come in with symptoms of being affected by these gaseous emissions?
4. How often do they visit the medical centre with these symptoms?
5. Have you ever experienced these symptoms due to exposure to gaseous emissions from the Company’s Oil Refining Plant?
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR COMPANY FF’s HSE PERSONNEL
1. How long have you been employed at Company FF?
2. Are you aware of the effects of gaseous emissions from crude oil refining on human health?
3. Are you notified when employees are affected by these gaseous emissions?
4. How often are they affected?
5. Have you ever experienced these symptoms due to exposure to gaseous emissions from the Company’s Oil Refining Plant?
SUMMARY FINDINGS
Based on the data received from the three stakeholders, namely the employees being affected and the Company’s Medical and HSE Personnel, the following are expected to be found:
Employees experience health effects of gaseous emissions (nausea, throat irritation, fever, headaches, skin rashes and coughing) when there are gaseous
Part A 1. I will advice Jane and Chris to communicate with the employees and make sure what the reason behind the problem. Also, speak to the employee one on one so they can be more comfortable and talk openly. Communications and keeping the employees informed with the changed that the company undergoes it’s important to gain their trust. I will advice Chris to meet with the employees and ask them if they are satisfied with their job or what can he do to help them.
Under work health and safety laws workers and other people at our workplace must take reasonable care that they do not adversely affect
This is where the tanker trucks came in; where not only a few are used, but 400 tanker trucks are utilized for the assignment. Evidently, a lot of fuel is dissipated to transfer the liquids and supplies, generating excessive carbide monoxide. These tanker trucks are just a few of the abundant vehicles that Texas has emitting more hazardous air pollutants, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides , hydrocarbons, and particulate matter into the atmosphere. Nitrogen oxide only and combined with hydrocarbons create a ground level gas that irritates the respiratory system. Carbon monoxide hinders the brain, heart, and other vital organs by blocking the passages used for oxygen.
PART I: SHORT RESPONSE Directions: Please answer each of the following questions and provide examples from the text, if applicable. Each response should be at least two paragraphs in length and be written in complete sentences. 1. Under what conditions will an employee be likely to perceive that his or her psychological contract has been broken?
Introduction The prevention of patient-to-patient assault in an inpatient psychiatric unit is essential for the safety of patients and staff (Perez, 2014). The aim of this quantitative pilot study is to decrease patient-on-patient assaults which, in the long run, may improve patient safety during hospitalization (Staggs, 2015). This chapter discusses the study design and population plan and describes procedures for implementing the project, data collection, data analysis, the institutional review board (IRB) process, and challenges that may occur with initiating the quality improvement project. Design
This is another situation where the community was mainly people of color or people of low SES, but environmental precautions were not being carried out. Another environment with policies that affect health is the work
6. – 8. Develop three (3) questions that you would like to ask the interviewer about the position, company, and
Infants, children, and individuals with serious illnesses are defenseless to the impacts of CO. Lastly, nitrogen oxides (NOx) cause irritation to lung and debilitate the body 's protections against respiratory contaminations, such as pneumonia and flu. Moreover, they aid the arrangement of ozone layers and particulate matter. Turning off bus engines are beneficial to the environment and prevents major environmental problems. For instance, if the bus is idling, the bus exhaust will releases nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide into the air.
One of the most controversial projects for the United States to decide on was whether or not to build the Keystone pipeline. This topic forces the government to decide if economic development is worth the cost of endangering the environment. Though this pipeline will allow the United States to rely less on foreign oil, the pipeline’s lasting effects prove to be a factor that cannot be easily overlooked. The Keystone pipeline should not be built because it endangers the environment and has the ability to create catastrophic damages through pollution and habitat desecration. Pollution is a major factor that has to be considered when referring to the Keystone pipeline.
Cut-off date 27 February. Part1: Essay. ‘Evaluate the contribution of a qualitative approach to research on friendship’. Part2: DE100 project report – Method.
1999 cited in Tobin and Begley, (2004) Rigour is use to express integrity and competence in the qualitative research process. The absence there of, places the research in the fictional category of journalism, thus rendering it useless to enhance education (Morse et al. 2002 cited in Tobin and Begley, 2004). Many questions were raised about trustworthiness in qualitative research by the positivists, since it was noted that there were challenges to the concepts of validity and reliability in researches carried out in its natural surroundings.
3. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH THEORY 3.1 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Qualitative research is a form of research in which the researcher collects and interprets data, meaning the researcher is as important in the research process as the participants and the data they provide. Reason and Rowan (2004) have argued that the core element of a qualitative research approach is to connect meanings to the experiences of respondents and their lives. According to Clissett (2008) qualitative research involves a variety of research methods that can be used to explore human experience, perceptions, motivations and behaviours. Qualitative research is characterised by collection and analysis of words in the form of speech or writing.
Introduction: The invention of the automobile has brought more positive and negative effects than any other invention throughout transportation history. Transportations have changed the way people live all over the world. Automobile companies have created numerous jobs all around the globe. Automobiles have affected all aspects of society such as family life, the economy, and even the environment.
I feel concerned that anthropogenic activities have damaged the atmosphere which has led to severe detrimental effects over time. Studying Chemistry enabled me to learn the science behind global warming and the consequences for it. This made me think, what current technology could be further utilised to reduce greenhouse gas emission to the atmosphere? Due to this, I want to talk about electric vehicles as I feel that electric cars are the future of humankind. I will persuade you to leave behind the poisonous, toxic, filthy fumes of your present vehicle and switch to an electric car.
In quantitative research, variables are identified and defined, and then relevant data is collected from study participants. A strength of this type of research is that the data is in numeric form, making it easier to interpret. It also studies the relationship between independent and dependent variables and can address questions such as does a relationship between variables exist, what is the direction of the relationship, how strong is the relationship between the variables, and what is the nature of the relationship. To be able to discover and answer the cause-and-effect relationship is a strength of quantitative research. Lastly, in quantitative research, the study can either be experimental or nonexperimental, meaning clinical trial or observational study, allowing for different types of research studies to be conducted.