CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
In this chapter the research methodology used in the study is described. The main purpose of this research is to study the effectiveness of bus priority lanes in the city of Kuala Lumpur. This research will be conducted at Jalan Raja Laut, Kuala Lumpur area. The researcher wanted to know whether the bus priority lanes are fully utilized by public bus or wasting the precious road space due to under-utilized as the purposes of the research is done. Data will be collected through the quantitative research methodology. Quantitative research uses measurable data to formulate facts and uncover patterns in research. The instrument used is primary data of observation. The observation will be conducted
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The respondent are plays vital role for researcher to get the actual data and information about the studies. Researcher can get the information and data by distribute questionnaire to the public bus users. The total number of questionnaires that distributed is 100 questionnaires.
In addition, the respondents of the study are people that tend to use public bus transport which is workers from private and public sectors, students, citizen and tourist come from various countries. 3.2.1Sampling Method Sampling is the statistical method of obtaining representative data or observations from a group such population. The researcher is focus on population in Kuala Lumpur area and gets the statistics population data of Kuala Lumpur by Department of Statistics Malaysia official portal. The total of Kuala Lumpur population by year 2015 which is 1,733,000 be the sampling for this research.
3.2.2 Sample size Sample size is the number of elements to be included in a study, the appropriate sample size can be determined the accuracy of selection. The sample size will be calculated based on this
n research methods, every researcher uses a procedure or a means of measurement to collect data. For example, three types of basic measurement collection are self-reports, observational, and physiological. Each method has their pros and cons in research. Depending on the research you are conducting these methods of measurement can either guide you to great discovery the pro, or skew your data making it unreliable the con. Observational measure is the method of measuring behaviors by directly observing subjects (Leary, M. R. (2011).
A superintendent wants to do a study on poverty level versus student achievement levels in elementary students. His district has 18 elementary schools. He randomly chooses 6 of those schools, then includes all students from these 6 schools in his study. Ans. Convenience Sampling
Thus, before reaching any conclusion it is necessary to get more information about survey. Thus, all the above mentioned questions can question conclusion of the argument. The answers may support or may not support the argument. Therefore, before reaching any conclusion, first gather all the information required to answer above questions, which will help to reach on right
There are a few factors that need to be taken into account when deciding the size of your sample. First, you need to think about the absolute sample size rather than the relative. The larger the sample size, the more likely the sample is to have precision in the findings. Thinking about the size of sample error you are willing to tolerate is also important when figuring out the size of sample needed. The smaller the sample error that is tolerated, the bigger the sample needs to be.
Quantitative research is the collection of data. Individuals carrying
Simple Random Sample is when we chose or pulled out data, information, people or other randomly from a larger set of information. Each participant will have the same chance to be chosen for the research. It is conducted by providing an index number randomly chosen by each participant. The number can be picked up once. Then the selected participant will conduct the survey.
The objective of this essay is to explore and analyse a research topic relevant to me as a practitioner. This research critique will then be utilised in practice. . According to Jolley 2010 research is the driving force in improving care to patients through evidence based research. Research based practice is a hallmark of professional nursing as stated by (ICN)cite .Closing
Qualitative Research Appraisal Mounica Soma Texas State University Completed in partial fulfillment of the requirements for HA 5301: Healthcare Administration Research Methods October, 2015 Introduction: The article titled “Family Physicians’ Perceptions on How They Deliver Cost-Effective Care” presented a study on the effects of family physician availability on healthcare costs and outcomes. Primary care family physicians play an important role in the provision of comprehensive, integrated, accessible healthcare services that satisfy the needs of patients (WHO, 2003). A review of Starfield et al (2005) has shown that health is better in areas with more primary care physicians, people
It is used to gain an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It provides insights into the problem or helps to develop ideas or hypotheses for potential quantitative research. Quantitative Research is used to quantify the problem by way of generating numerical data or data that can be transformed into useable statistics. It is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and other defined variables and generalize results from a larger sample population. I prefer quantitative data collection methods because they are much more structured than qualitative data collection
Proper sample size was used and the trial duration was long enough to capture the characteristics of
Introduction Qualitative research are those kind of researches that an outcome is obtained without the application of statistical methods of data analysis (Strauss and Corbin, 1990 cited in Golafshani, 2003). However, the qualitative research takes a direct approach, where the researchers arrive at a conclusion through the observation of events as they occur naturally without external interferences (Golafshani, 2003). Ethical and methodological issues may arise, therefore in order to demonstrate the legitimacy of Qualitative research it is important to integrate rigour and trustworthiness. Potential ethical issues There is the need to take into consideration ethical issues that may arise from conducting qualitative researches.
One type of that would generate quantitative data would be a closed-question, questionnaire. This type of primary research presents a numerical quantity, amount and range which can be examined and easily form statistics. Quantitative research, such as closed-question, questionnaires which only allow for a certain variety of answers and ways that the questions can be answered and is primarily concerned with finding evidence to support or contradict a hypothesis, and further to this a
Non-probability Sampling Method: Sampling method that require the conductor to choose a subset of population they are interested in researching. This can be seen from the simulation Ramada did, during the “Grand Hotel Opening” they asked their employees, this includes staffs and management, some people from headquarters and the property owners. These are the people they are interested in and they are the people that Ramada wants to do research on. This sampling method is appropriate because it focuses on the population the researches interested in studying. It is more necessary rather than conducting the research on the customer, they instead focus on their own management to improve their inside quality.
The term Research Methodology refers to a set of procedures, methods & techniques that are put together by the researchers to obtain a solution to the problems they confront during the collection of data. The researchers look for the most crucial data which is inevitable for the research. Generally there are three kinds of approaches or research methods namely Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed. These methods are used to gather data and resolve issues that emerge during the process of data gathering. The researcher can bring forward his findings either in the form of quantitative or qualitative or mixed research methodologies only when the data is collected based on the preliminary data gathering process and the secondary data gathering process.
“Quantitative research is conducted in a context of previous knowledge” (Polit & Beck, 2017, p. 54)., which could limit a researcher based off their amount of previous knowledge on the subject being studied. And the researcher collect data from a sample size of a population. The sample’s adequacy is assessed by its size and representativeness. (Polit & Beck, 2017). A small sample size could limit the validity of the