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Racial Tensions In Singapore Essay

1338 Words6 Pages

Singapore had a history of racial riots. The 1964 Prophet Muhammad Birthday Riots between the Chinese and Malays led to a death toll of 36 people and 556 injured. In 1969, another series of racial riots took place in Singapore where the seven days of rioting led to 4 deaths and 80 injured. The main cause of the riots was due to the opposing views that Malays have been enjoying preferential treatment since the merger. The severity of political tensions between the United Malays National Organization (UMNO) and the People’s Action Party (PAP) reached its peak when Singapore was evicted from the Malaysian Federation on 9 August 1965 to prevent further racial conflict. Despite the separation, racial tensions were still running high which created …show more content…

During the first phase from 1965 to 1979, military build-up was quick as Singapore lacked an independent defence force upon gaining independence in 1965. Starting in 1967, Singapore adopted Israeli’s system of national service where all 18 year old males are required to serve full-time for two and a half years in national service, and then required to repeatedly come back for reservice each year to refresh or upgrade their military skills to ensure that they are ready to defend Singapore at all times. The creation of national service policy is thought to promote the strengthening of racial ties as it is a shared experience and unity when training with peers of diverse races occurs. The second phase, which lasted from 1980s to 1990s, Singapore had to upgrade its military capabilities, given the increased political instability in the region. For instance, in 1985, Singapore could boast 270 AMX-13 light tanks, with unconfirmed reports of M-60 Main Battle Tanks (MBTs) in its inventory. During this period, a Total Defence policy was also introduced where the aim was to prepare citizens to defend Singapore economically, psychologically, militarily, socially and on a civil level. Hence, three decades of constant and sustained effort to develop the military has changed a defenceless Singapore to a country that has “one of the best forces in Southeast Asia, well trained and well

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