Luebeck Thesis

Bachelor Thesis

For

Mr. Silin Xing

Radon Content in Water in Luebeck

Prof. Dr. rer.nat. Manfred Rößle

Dipl. -Ing. (FH). Uwe Janßen

Date of handing out: 30th March 2015

Date of handing in: 30th June 2015

Declaration of Academic Honesty

I assure that I prepared the thesis single-handed without external help. For the composition of the work only the referenced sources have been used. Literally or analogously taken parts are marked as such.

Luebeck, 31/05/2015

_____________________

Signature

I am agree that my thesis can be published, especially that my thesis can be handed out to other parties for inspection or that copies of the thesis may be handed out to other parties.

Luebeck, 31/05/2015

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Signature

The boiling point of radon is 211.45 K, melting point of radon is 202.15K. Radon is a dense gas. Figure 1-2. Radon’s Characteristic

1.2.2 Chemical Properties:

The chemical reactivity of radon is not reactive, it is inert to most of the chemical reactions. In element category the radon is a noble gas.

Radon is chemically inert. radon fluoride can get by Radon gas and fluorine directly combination, which is similar to the corresponding compound of xenon. But it is more stable and less volatile.

In addition, radon energy and water, forming a complex phenol. Figure 1-3. Radon

Covalent atomic radius: 214pm

The first ionization energy: 1038kJ / mol

Oxidation states: + 4, + 2

In the periodic table, radon is located in the group 18 (noble gases), p-block, period 6. The atomic number of radon is 86. It have a standard atomic weight of (222). The electron per shell(arrangement of extra-nuclear electrons) is 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8 Figure 1-4.

After getting into the human body through the respiratory system, it can cause lung cancer, but also seriously damage the kidneys. The maximum allowable concentrations of radioactive radon radiation in the workplace is 1.1 Bq / l. Radon is also highly lipophilic Figure 1-11. Radon Damage in human body, this will makes people feel tired and sleepy. The external radiation of radiation of radon is the directly contact with α radiation from radon and its progeny. The external radiation of radon can do harm to the nervous system, reproductive system as well as the digest system of human even the skin can protect and prevent human from α radiation. [2]People should also Note that, the toxicity was caused by the radiation of producing α particle , not because of the chemical nature actions.

For most people, the majority of radon exposure from home. But at the same time the outside radon can be dissolved in the underground water and come into the house as the form dissolved in tap water. Meanwhile, the concentration of radon in a home depends on: the content of the