In the expert panel’s opinion, difficulties in transport and money facilities, inefficient medical services in hospitals and lack of blood and drugs supply accounted for maternal deaths, in ascending order of their contribution. There is a strong link between maternal care and infant mortality. The various health statuses of babies from maternal deaths were compared to that of normal pregnancies. Here, there was no difference in the statistics between male and female
2.2 Design The design of this study was an observational study, using a lottery method; the enrolled patients were allocated into either experimental group or control group. Each patient received a total of five treatments per week for 8 weeks, and follow-up was measured at the end of 4th week and 8th week. 2.3 Treatment 2.3.1 Experimental
The doctor and nursing staff communicated about progress of the pregnancy, such as dilation. They also communicated about process of the delivery and the steps that will be taken to ensure a safe
There was a control group and intervention group. The method of data collection was obtained through documentation, observation and surveys. The limitation that was identified was the short pilot period of thirty days. 108 rounds were observed and 108 staff was interviewed. The details of the study included background, method, results, discussion and conclusion.
The time period in which an individual is in the study is known as the study time. Patient time is the period of time spent by the patient since the diagnosis of the disease till the occurrence of the event or the last follow up. This time includes the study time [7]. to illustrate this difference take the following example for seven patients in the study of breast cancer, patients were followed up from the date of diagnosis until death due to breast cancer or last follow up. the Figure 1.a Illustrates entry of patients during the period of the study the symbol ((▌ refers to that, the letter (D) indicates the occurrence of the event (i.e death), while the symbols (L) refers to the last follow-up, and (A) indicates that the patient is still alive after the end of the study.
The mother was G2P1 and have had a previous caesarean to deliver her first child. The mother’s BMI was slightly high and she had gestational diabetes. Although, she had problems that could lead to a high-risk delivery, her labor was successful. Marissa and I arrived at the operation room one hour prior the surgery to observe the LPN and her trainee setting up the sterile instruments that were going to be used during the procedure. As the mother arrived in the OR, she was guided to the operation table and the anesthesiologist did a spinal tap anesthesia on her.
That is, researchers, subject or patients or participants, and others should not know to which group the subject will be assigned. Knowledge of group assignment creates a layer of potential selection bias that may taint the data. [9] Schul and Grimes stated that trials with inadequate or unclear randomization tended to overestimate treatment effects up to 40% compared with those that used proper randomization. The outcome of the research can be negatively influenced by this inadequate
Likewise in healthcare, oncoming staff generally does initiate not patient care delivery until a hand off process occurs. “Communication failures are increasingly being implicated as important latent factors influencing patient safety in hospitals.”(Sutcliffe, 2004, p. 187) Parker (1996) reports, “the nurses handing over had direct knowledge of the patient and were able to convey idiosyncratic and personal knowledge of the patient. This is a crucial element in professional nursing practice. The nurse can report on clinical judgments and can be held accountable for the judgments made” (Parker, 1996, p. 25) Critical evaluation of nursing actions can be evaluated and considered to be either continued or discontinued based on the rationales for the action and the patient outcome. In 2005, the Australian Council for Safety and Quality in Healthcare published a literature review of clinical handover and patient safety.
According to UNFPA (The United Nations Population Fund) “A women’s chance of dying or becoming disabled during pregnancy and child birth is closely connected to her social and economic status, the norms and values for her culture and the geographic remoteness of her home”. It has also been found that poor and marginalized women are at the higher risk of maternal death as compared to aristocrate women. Hypertension, diabetes, respiratory problems, obesity and infections are some common health problems that occur during pregnancy or at the time of delivery. Maintaining Oral health /oral hygiene is also essential during pregnancy .Its proper care give benefit to both mother and foetus as well. However, there is a common misconception that it is not safe to obtain dental services while pregnancy that is a myth.
However in this study, the focus would be on the Maternal, foetal causes and maternal-fetal factors. Maternal factors: These are factors related to the mother.This include • Severe pre-eclampsia with unfavourable cervix for vaginal delivery, • Previous classical Caesarean section • Previous extensive uterine surgery(myomectomy) in which the uterine cavity has been