Rapid Diagnostic Test Advantages And Disadvantages

RAPID TESTS:

A rapid diagnostic test (RDT) is a medical diagnostic test that is quick and easy to perform. RDTs are suitable for emergency medical screening and for use in hospitals with limited resources. They also allow testing in primary care for things that formerly only a laboratory test could measure. They provide fast results within 20mins-2hrs. Nowadays, Expertise and scientists are using rapid tests for quick detection of disease in emergency. Various features of RDTs are:

● High quality, easy-to-use tests.

● Tests are based on agglutination, immuno-dot, immuno-chromatographic and immuno-filtration techniques.

● Quick and easy to perform, only takes 10 minutes to 2 hours – and require little or no additional equipment.

● Are designed

They are less labor intensive but take time to give the result. Automated tests play a crucial role in diagnosis of a disease. In automated methods, we use different types of machines for detection of various infectious agents that may be causing the disease. These Tests are able to reduce or eliminate the high amount of labor work required in manual testing.

In automated test, a machine follows a sequence of steps more quickly than a technician, and it can run the tests overnight to present the results in the morning.

Machines used and operated by us are:

• BACTEC 9120

• VITEC 2

BLOOD CULTURING

A blood culture is a routine test that checks for bacteria, yeast, and other microorganisms in the blood. The sample retrieval is a relatively simple process for the patient and involves a simple blood draw.

After the blood draw, the blood is transferred into bottles with specific culture media. These bottles are then incubated in automated machines for a period of time and then the machine checks for any microbial growth to determine whether microorganisms have invaded the patient 's bloodstream. The process is completely automated and gives results in

Typhoid fever is developed by drinking or eating contaminated food or water. People with acute illness can contaminate the surrounding water through stool, which contains a high concentration of the bacteria. Contamination of the water supply can, infect the food supply. The bacteria can survive for weeks in water or dried sewage.

About 3%-5% of people become carriers of the bacteria after the acute illness. Others suffer a very mild illness that goes unrecognized. These people may contain bacteria for long time -- even though they have no symptoms -- and be the source of new outbreaks of typhoid fever for many years.

The incubation period for the bacteria is usually 1-2 weeks, and the duration of the illness is about 3-4 weeks. Symptoms include:

● Poor appetite

● Headaches

● Generalized aches and pains

● Fever as high as 104 degrees Fahrenheit

● Lethargy

● Diarrhea

● Chest congestion

● Abdominal pain and discomfort

Improvement may occur in the third and fourth week without complications. About 10% of people have recurrent symptoms after feeling good for one to two weeks. Getting ill or worse again after few time is actually more common in individuals treated with antibiotics, after some time the fever becomes constant and the condition becomes