Urbanization In Kenya Essay
2.1 SLUM PROLIFERATION
Rapid urbanization has surpassed the ability of city authorities to provide housing and environmental infrastructure. This can be seen in the proportion of the population that is living in slums as illustrated in Table 1.
Urban population living in squatter and slum settlements, 2009
Country Percent
Angola 65.8
Bangladesh 61.6
Benin 69.8
Central African Republic 95.9
China 29.1
Brazil 26.9
India 29.4
Kenya 54.7
Source: MDGI
Cities like Dhaka in Bangladesh, Mumbai in India are metropolitan or urban regions spreading in large areas. Others like Manila in the Philippines or Jakarta in Indonesia are really mega urban regions. There is some difference in their government. Jakarta’s urban government has the status of
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2.4 LIVING CONDITION AND LIFESTYLE OF SLUM DWELLERS
Living condition in slum is very poor.Slum dwellers do not have proper housing facilities,sanitation and ventilation in their houses. They lack basic services like safe drinking water, clean cooking fuel , toilet facilities etc. The conditions differ from one slum to another. In Kenya,Dakar;s slum has 82% electricity connections while the Nairobi slum has only 22% so that 77% of Nairobi slum dwellers uses kerosene for lighting ,while this percentage is very low say 55 in Dakar’s slum.(Gulyani et. al 2014). If we see in the context of Indian slum, number of slum dwellers using kerosene or solid fuel varies all over the country. The comparison on the basis of use of kerosene or solid fuel for slums in eight cities of India is shown in graph below:
Percentage of households using kerosene or solid fuel
City Delhi Meerut Kolkata Indore Mumabi Nagpur Hyderabad Chennai
PERCENTAGE 52 47 65 13 32 44 33 55
Source: NFHS Report 2009
The various conditions are tabulated in following table for Mankhurd Slum in Mumbai.
Household Amenities Ctegories Percentage
Ownership of house
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