What Is Urbanization?

Urbanization

Urbanization has been a major driver of internal migration in many countries and has overtaken other factors in many Asian locations . Rates of urbanization influence rural- urban wage differences: an increase in the demand for labour in urban areas can push up urban wages and increase migration. Rural-urban differences in average incomes increased in many South and East Asian countries during the 1990s, especially in China and fell in most African countries (IFAD, 2001). Current ESCAP projections are that urbanization rates in South and South-West Asia will soon exceed other regions in Asia. Urbanization is progressing throughout Africa albeit more slowly: in 1960, 18 per cent of the population lived in urban centers (i.e. in settlements with more than 2,000 people). In 1990, the figure had increased to 34 per cent for Africa as a whole.

New opportunities in agriculture

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The pull factors of better job facilities, good salary, and more income, medical and educational facilities are attracting the rural people to move to the cities like Chennai city. The push factors of no job facilities, low salary, less income, drought, less medical and educational facilities are the push factors of the rural people from rural to urban migration. Even though, to minimize the rural to urban migration and to prevent to move to cities the following are the some measures has to be taken by government and government organizations. Where migrants who acquire new skills, new money and new outlooks help transform the institution. However, such volunteer return migration is likely to be attenuated to nearly all sectors employ migrant workers (including children) through a complex system of contractors and agents who are well-positioned to exploit illiterate and poor