Rational Choice Perspective Analysis

criminal theories (Social disorganization and stain theory) Various theoretical perspectives have been advanced to explain how individuals end up committing criminal activities. The theoretical aspects fall into two broad themes. First, there is the explanation that social problems push individuals to engage in crime. Precisely, the environment that one participates in, as well as external factors, forces individuals to participate in evil.

The principle in law that one is innocent until proven guilty has created much discourse. There are those who feel that the moment that one is arrested, there is reasonable belief that they committed the crime. However, there are those who feel that just as the principle states, one is, and should be taken as a victim and the outcome could be either way: guilty or not guilty. In fact, this argument is supported by the many cases of malicious prosecutions and mistaken identities.

There is no shortage of disagreement with the perception of Officer Beserra and Rational choice theory. As Officer Beserra stated that individuals make a conscious decision to commit crime to gain a benefit from the criminal act. Also, that an individual wouldn’t deter from committing crime if the benefit is greater than the consequence, even if they got apprehended. In the same manner, Miller & Miller professed that people voluntarily and willfully choose to commit criminal acts similar as they choose to do other things such as working in a grocery store.

These include, a motivated offender, a suitable victim, and a lack of control by police and other security agencies. Based on the arguments of rational choice and routine activity theories, effective crime prevention can be achieved through two main strategies. These include, changing the offender’s

I am having dubious feelings for the success of the geomapping of offender residences idea. The GIS applications enable the crime agencies and the society and as a result, they would be having more knowledge on criminals and statistics and visual depiction serve as a good benchmark for mapping crime and criminal preferred location. Due to which, in my judgment, sex offenders will look for isolated places due to the presence of the geomapping implementation. But, this in turn, would also be beneficial for the criminals to carry out crime activities within least mapped areas. Also, technology and managerial efforts’ failures are conceivable and it can be crucial in certain circumstances.

Fifth, the specific direction of motives and drives is learned from definitions of the legal codes as favorable or unfavorable. Sixth, a person becomes delinquent because of an excess of definitions favorable to violation of law over definitions unfavorable to violation of the law. Seventh, Differential associations may vary in frequency, duration, priority, and intensity. Eighth, the process of learning criminal behavior by association with criminal and anti-criminal patterns involves all of the mechanisms that are involved in any other learning. Lastly, while criminal behavior is an expression of general needs and values, it is not explained by those needs and values, since non-criminal behavior is an expression of the same needs and values.

Rational choice theory is one of the criminal theories in criminology that means a person commits a crime because by choice and the benefit the person will receive from committing a criminal act (Winfree, Abadinsky,

Social learning theory and social bonding theory are two theories that may be compared and contrasted because they both overlap and differ. Although these theories have their similarities and differences, one theory may prove to be more convincing in terms of applying the theory to the understanding of crime and delinquency. Social learning theory refers to Akers’ theory of crime and deviance. Akers attempted to specify the mechanism and processes through which criminal learning takes place by explaining crime and deviance; he did this in such a way that the likelihood of conforming or deviant behavior based on the influence of an individual’s history of learning was accounted for. This theory was based off Sutherland’s differential association theory, which had nine propositions outlining the process by which individuals acquire attitudes favorable to criminal or delinquent behavior with the basic idea that people tend to associate with others in which they come into contact.

According to Siegel, L.J. (2008) the rational choice theory views crime as the function of a decision-making process in which the potential costs benefits of an illegal act. This theory suggests that there are specific features that influences certain type of criminal behavior is due to the degree of the criminal prevention. If individuals did not fear the consequence of the crime, the people would be motivated to break the law, Siegel, L.J. (2008). This thinking introduced the concept of general deterrence which supports the logic that crime can be controlled by intensifying the actual or alleged threat of criminal

Additionally, classicism tried to understand crime as “a product of a rational free will”, Hughes (1998) continues, and a criminal act was seen as something chosen and as a result of the calculation of pain and pleasure involved with the crime (Hughes, 1998). Besides, punishment, as Hughes (1998) depicts, was seen as “an instrument of social control to achieve certain desired ends” and it must be warranted, effective and profitable. Furthermore, classicists believed that it was better to prevent than to punish (Hughes, 1998). During the Enlightenment period, new theories about crime, punishment and new ways of rationalising justice arose (Newburn, 2013). Beforehand, it was believed that people could not choose rationally but with the development of the classical school, the assumption that criminals can exercise free will and rationality was introduced (Newburn, 2013).

This article presents detailed answers for two questions ofren asked of teachers and practitioners of choice theory and reality therapy: What is the role of the past in the practice of reality therapy; Does choice theory and reality therapy give adequate attention to the outside world? The answers presume a working knowledge of choice theory and reality therapy, as well as previous study, reading or training in the principles of reality therapy In a previous discussion (Wubbolding & Brickell, 2007), we provided responses for frequently asked questions such as, "What is the difference between choice theory and reality therapy?", "What is the WDEP system?", "What is the suitcase of behavior?", "Does reality therapy deal with feelings and emotions?",