Rationalism And Empiricism

In science, animals can be used in the research field only if the suffering to the animal is minimized and there is no other way to lead the experiment (“Experimenting on animals”). This field also finds a way to give animals their deserved value while they are tested. Beyond, following the rules is necessary to be a part of a society. As stated in the book named Asian Perspectives on Animal Ethics: Rethinking the Nonhuman, written by philosophical professor Dalal Neil from the University of Alberta and Chloë Taylor, assistant professor in the subject human and animal in the University of Alberta emphasized that violating the animal rights that is against the protection

Thus the declaration of Social Darwinism as a science eliminated doubt of the accuracy of Spencer’s theory as society has long idealized science as a indisputable vehicle of the truth thus optimizing support of the Europeans as well as minimizing any doubt . Further contribution to the elimination of doubt was Social Darwinism’s link with Crania

Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution i.e. “survival of the fittest” and the “process of natural selection“, was written in 1859 and was a theory based on the behaviour of animals. This theory was adapted by Herbert Spencer and resulted in the ideology that is known today as Social Darwinism. The latter is based on Darwin’s theory but instead of being based on animal behaviour it is applied to humans. It implied that certain races were superior to others because of their technological advancements. This lead people to believe that certain races, such as white/European people, were the “fittest” of all the races.

Machan believes he has the best theory explaining why animals do not have rights. He makes this claim by first acknowledging how

Cressey, Daniel. " Animal Research: Battle Scars. " Nature News. Nature Publishing Group, 23 Feb. 2011. Web.

The scope of Darwinism is centered on the basis that evolution is brought about by the distinctive survival of only the superior individuals in a general pool. As a result of this, different strata or classes are mandatory in a species. With time, the space between the different strata is great enough to the extent that the superior class is granted advantages over the inferior class. This changes brought about by the Darwinism movement brought about the rise of a new movement called the Eugenics Movement and Social Darwinism.

With humans evolving from primates, there is no logical reason why we see ourselves as a higher being than our pre evolved selves. Primates should have legal representation when it comes to events that are either caused by them, or could affect them. Primates, like humans, have a capacity to suffer, because of this they should live in a world where they do not have to feel unnecessary pain. The science of paleontology is the scientific study of human evolution.

Theories of evolution by natural processes, theories of evolution by natural selection, and even the existence of evolution at all, have been up for debate for many centuries. While many scientists/philosophers/researchers have been discredited, two evolutional theorists have conducted enough research and have gained enough supporting evidence to obtain naturalists group’s support over the years. These two most widely accepted theorists of evolution were: Jean Baptist Lamarck and his believe of acquired characteristics along with independent progression and his predecessor Charles Darwin, who would discredit Lamarck’s theories to provide the foundation for modern day evolutionary thought. Lamarck cemented the concept that offspring inherit

In Introduction to Evolutionary Biology by Chris Colby, the author’s purpose was to explain the basics of the theory of evolution and correct the many of the misconceptions. The main parts are the meaning of evolution and the misconceptions. The meaning of evolution according to Colby is a change in the gene pool of a population over time. The first misconception is that evolution can occur without morphological change and morphological change can occur without evolution. The second misconception of evolution is that natural selection and evolution are the same thing.

The theory of evolution is one of the greatest biological revolutions in human history, drastically changing our view of the world and our place in it. Charles Darwin put forth a theory of evolution and collected a great deal of evidence in support of this theory. Which later became known as the theory of Natural Selection. In Darwin 's time, most scientists believed that each creature and adaptation was the work of their creator. Linnaeus established the system of classification that we use today, and did so in the goal of cataloging God 's creations.

Darwin starts his argument by stating how closely similar certain animals and humans are formed or how humans and these “lower animals” develop over time physically and mentally. Then states how similar humans and the “lower animals” are birthed. He also makes that point of how man and these other animals have a similar structure in bodily systems such as the digestive system. Darwin then makes the point how humans are not immune to the natural selection which he sees as evidence that humans have evolved just like other creatures. Darwin even goes into a personal experience of his encounter with the Fuegians a people group who were not cultured and lived like “barbarians in terms of civilizations of the day.