Reactive Attachment Disorder In Children

At the time of his placement in his current foster home, Alejandro exhibited traits of poor attachment (indifference to others, lessened signs of physical affection, severe tantrums, etc.). Presently, Alejandro is able to sit and cuddle with others while they read to him or while he is watching television, owns a greater power for producing positive emotion, and has lessened the frequency and duration of temper tantrums. According to Schultz et al.’s (2013) study, this change in behavior/resilience may be attributed to positive adaptation skills gained within his new

Reactive Attachment Disorder. Smyke and Potter (2011) characterized RAD as the child not seeking comfort when distressed, not calming when comforted and does not seek out social contact. The child appears to have a lack of response towards caregivers, the child experiences severe emotional and behaviour regulations, has a very minimal positive affect (smiling, laughing, engagement) and disproportioned reactions of fear or irritability. Case example (Scott, Strasser and Zeaneh,

The emotional ,social and physical development of young children has an effect on their overall development and on the adult they will become. Sigmund Freud indicated how disruptions in stages of development may relate to current problems in adult hood for example :Trauma at an early stage in life may effectively prevent natural development through that stage this may then have a knock on effect in future stages causing development or learning problems for an adult .

Cummings et al (2012) furthered his previous hypothesis he termed “ emotional security hypothesis” stating that interparental conflict affects a child’s developing sense of security and adds to maladaptive

The insecure avoidant attachment style children tend to be very independent, both physically and emotionally. Unlike children in secure attachment relationships, they do not use their caregivers as a safe base to explore the environment. (Behrens, Hesse, & Main, 2007). Insecure avoidant children are more likely to have caregivers who reject their needs and are insensitive towards the children. The children also do not seek their attachment figure with distressed. (Ainsworth, 1979). The attachment figure may avoid the child in times of emotional distress and helping undertake difficult tasks. (Stevenson-Hinde, & Verschueren, 2002). The attachment figure may also be unresponsive to their child’s signals and are more likely to interact irritably and angrily unlike the secure attachment figure. (Cassidy and Berlin 1994). In the reunion of the attachment figure and child, the child may turn away and continue to play and ignore the attachment figure completely. In the efforts of the caregiver trying to interact with the child while playing, the child will ignore the caregiver and move away. (Ainsworth et al.,

Child development is a topic that has been widely researched and studied in the last century. The inquest of healthy emotional growth patterns in young children has greatly benefitted the lives of many adolescents and their families everywhere. Everyone grows up with different childhood experiences and struggles, these encounters all range in diversity from family to family. These influencing events that occur as a child is maturing are exceptionally significant due to the massive impact that they can have on the child’s emotional development into adulthood. Some children are exposed to positive parenting and a healthy home life, and then there are some that are unfortunately exposed to more dangerous and abusive situations. The healthy emotional

One risk parents face when adopting a child from an orphanage is Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD). Those with RAD are not able to give up or receive love. They are unable to gain the ability to form relationships, conscience, as well as accept responsibility for their actions. Until today, many parents of adopted kids believed that only children that were adopted when they were toddlers or older would have a risk for developing reactive attachment disorder. They also assumed that children under one year of age would overcome the lack of care once they were adopted into a loving, caring family. However, many parents are finding out that children who attached appropriately as infants begin to exhibit symptoms

An effective argument is nothing if it’s not convincing to the audience; regardless of how much groundbreaking evidence an author has, they won’t sell a single book if it isn’t persuasive enough for people to pay attention. Marilyn Wedge is no stranger to these devices, as she uses numerous appeals throughout her book A Disease Called Childhood. Written in the height of what Wedge refers to as “an ADHD epidemic,” this book attempts to detail various causes and solutions to ADHD. In chapter six of A Disease Called Childhood, Marilyn Wedge appeals to ethos, logos, and pathos through a variety of rhetorical strategies and devices to convince the audience that the American education system is contributing to the ADHD epidemic.

Attachment for children can be affected by many things, relating to the disruption or attachment for children fall into a few categories. These impacts are grief and loss, abuse and neglect, issues relating to the health of the parents, be mental or physical health related and babies and parents that just do not quite fit together.

There are several methods of delivery for school-based interventions depending on the population that they wish to affect, which can result in varying levels of effectiveness. They can be delivered universally or can be targeted towards students identified as at-risk for particular disorders or problem behaviors (Franklin et al. 2012). In universal interventions, all students participate in the intervention, regardless of their level of risk. For example, Bierman et al. (2010) performed a study on a universal SEL program called Fast Track PATHS (Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies), which was delivered to all students in the first through the third grade. Teachers received training and continued coaching to integrate SEL into their curriculum

What a child sees can affect them in many ways. Exposure to interparental violence has been associated with the tendencies to worry in children. Consequently, children's anxiety is also affected by interparental violence and conflict. Additionally, interparental violence has been, linked to both internalizing and externalizing problems(Kelley 1025). Internalizing problems are negative behaviors and low self-esteem. Externalizing problems are disobeying rules, physical aggression, and threatening others. As a result of constant interparental violence, a child's coping ability may be, depleted, which, can result in physiological problems(Kelley 1025) And over time, the more these children are exposed to this violence, their ability to regulate feelings of, fear and worry, is weakened causing them to be, more vulnerable to internalizing problems. However, the children who are better able to maintain these feelings are more likely to experience internalizing problems(Kelley 1026). Witnessing parental violence affects a child's

Recovery is ongoing, therefore learning new coping skills is desirable for clients to receive the most satisfaction from treatment. As children grow in age, other attachment treatment programs can begin if need be such as Attachment, Self-Regulation, and Competency (ARC) intervention program (Arvidson, Kinniburgh, Howard, Spinazzola, Strothers, Evans, Andres, Cohen, & Blaustein, 2011).

If one does not have a strong bond or attachment with their parental figure or main caregiver, negative side effects are more than likely to occur (Dujardin et al., 2014; Gautheir et al., 2004; Hoeve et al., 2012; Taylor & McQuillan, 2014; Whelan, 2003). When attention and reinforcement for behaviors is suddenly discontinued, youths will seek out ways to recapture the attention, often times resorting to noticeably negative behaviors due to associating them with attention and their attachment to their parent (Bowlby, 1980; Dujardin et al., 2014). Studies have found that if an individual is constantly dislocated via removal and placement in foster care, shelter care, or a group home, in addition to lacking any sense of consistency and stability, they will have a hard time developing an attachment with their caregivers, if one is developed at all (Dujardin et al., 2014; Whelan, 2003), causing harmful behaviors to likely ensue (Amatya, & Barzman, 2012; Dujardin et al., 2014; Gautheir et al., 2004; Hoeve et al., 2012; Taylor & McQuillan, 2014; Whelan,

“Every child deserves a champion, an adult who will never give up on them, who understands the power of connection, and insists that they become the best that they can possibly be” (Pickson n.d.). On Saturday February the 17th of 2018, I walked into a situation that I had no clue what to expect. Having background working with special needs children, help me and my classmate become a better team and provide the best care possible. Throughout the day, the nursing student was able to connect with 9 children that ranged from down syndrome, autism, attention-deficit hyperactive disorder, linked x chromosome disease and development disabilities.

Attachment theory tries to describe the evolution of personality and behaviour in relationships and it gives a reason for the difference in a person’s emotional and relationship attitudes.