Philosophical position and approach to research The philosophy which governs research provides a broad framework that guides the researcher as to how they will find the answers to the questions that they are investigating. Some schools of thought say that the researcher’s philosophical position is gained from his own personal beliefs and perspectives while there are others that say that the topic being investigated and the kind of answers that are required would inform the choice of research philosophy. The paradigm is a shared world view that represents the beliefs and values in a discipline and that guides how problems are solved (Schwandt, 2001). It can be considered as a framework with considerations for the nature of reality or ontology,
Constructivism is the idea that learning is the result of assimilation and accommodation. In this theory, learning refers to both the development of knowledge and the determination of meaning behind that knowledge. So constructivist theory states that we assimilate information. In other words, we connect new knowledge to the knowledge we already have. So constructivist theory says that learning happens in two ways-- through assimilation, which is when we connect new knowledge to our prior knowledge, and through accommodation, which is when we actually adjust our view of the world in order to accommodate new knowledge that has been presented to us.
Students should have a contextually meaningful experience. The goal of constructivist learning is self-sufficiency, shared exchange of social relations and empowerment. The principle of constructivism is reflected in Confucius’s proverb where he says that hearing alone leads to forgetting, seeing may help remember but only by doing will one understand. Constructivism promotes advanced and refined thinking. Constructivism is against the banking of knowledge in which children are banks where coins of knowledge are put in and expected to be returned the same way.
Taking into account that they convey their experiences, their everyday understanding, and their skills and aptitude into the course of research is considered to attain new opinions and insights, while at the same time delivered not only by researchers but also through the participants, with better suggestions and strategies through profound contemplations established on realistic experiences for the development of society (Russo,
Research approaches are based on the procedures and plans of research that extent the assumptions to detailed methods of interpretation, data collection and analysis. There are two research approaches
For performance of a research, its methodology must be clear to the researchers. A clear methodology indicates the methods or techniques to be used as well as their relevance for the study. In choosing an appropriate methodology Guba& Lincoln (1994, pg. 105) argue, “Questions of method should be secondary to questions of paradigm”. The issue is one of choosing the most appropriate research method to achieve stated research objectives.
Constructivist Learning Theory. According to this theory, teachers should provide learners enough time to construct their own meaning when learning something new and make wait long enough after posing a question so that the student will have enough time to think about their answers and be able to respond thoughtfully. The above theories help provide more clarification about the concern and rationale of the study. For better knowledge and clarity, the researcher focused on the effects of personal tutoring on the learning performance of
This is because, this being an exploratory study, it will take care of all study’s objectives in a logical and consistent manner, ensuring the statement of the problem is fully addressed. This research design method was very important since it addressed all the subtopics of the subject matter. In addition, the design made it easy to get a clear overview of the topic under study. Descriptive study design also enabled to critically analyse information from the entire target population without any form of biasness. Because of the study design used, comprehensive data was acquired and was systematically analysed and presented.
Introduction The work of constructivist theorists, notably Piaget and Vygotsky, identified two constructivist learning models, which are: individual constructivism, which states that knowledge is constructed from personal experience by the individual, and social constructivism, which declares that knowledge, is acquired through collaboration with meaning negotiated from multiple perspectives (Almala, 2006) Piaget is known as the first constructivist, asserts that the theory of constructivism emphasis on the process of finding a theory or knowledge that is built from the ground realities. The role of teachers in teaching according this theory is as a facilitator or moderator. The views of the children of the more recent constructivist developed
The ability to construct the meaning of a text, through various strategies, is known as comprehension. For a reader to successfully comprehend a text, they must first extract the meaning of what was read, analyze it, interpret it, and make it their own. This process is interactive and strategic, because the reader is using multiple approaches to grasp the information. Connecting the new information from a text to old non-visual information from their schema is a crucial aspect of comprehension that readers must do. To make sense of the new information, the reader must integrate the material into their schema of connected information.