Reading Comprehension Research Paper
Higher Order Thinking Exercises to Reading Comprehension
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Reading comprehension is the act of understanding what one is reading. While the definition can be simply stated the act is not simple to teach, learn or practice. Reading comprehension is an intentional, active, interactive process that occurs before, during and after a person reads a particular piece of writing.
Reading comprehension is one of the pillars of the act of reading. When a person reads a text he engages in a complex array of cognitive processes. He is simultaneously using his awareness and understanding of phonemes (individual sound “pieces” in language), phonics (connection between letters and sounds and the relationship between
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People read for many reasons but understanding is always a part of their purpose. Reading comprehension is important because without it reading doesn’t provide the reader with any information. Knowing its importance, students and teachers also need to know the factors affecting comprehension. (K12Reader, 2008-2015)
Reading comprehension is the process of constructing meaning from text. The goal of all reading instruction is ultimately targeted at helping a reader comprehend text. Reading comprehension involves at least two people: the reader and the writer. The process of comprehending involves decoding the writer 's words and then using background knowledge to construct an approximate understanding of the writer 's message. (Lenz, 2012)
Knowing its importance, however, it is considered to be one of the major problems in education. Poor reading comprehension leads to bigger problems in the society. In a 2007 interview, Dr.YolanddaQuijano, head of the DepEd’s Bureau of Elementary Education, attributed “reading problems as the main culprit for the poor performance of some students in the National Achievement Test.” (The Philippine Star,
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The six levels within the cognitive domain are from lower to higher: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.
Higher order thinking is thinking on a level that is higher than memorizing facts or telling something back to someone exactly the way it was told. When a person memorizes and gives back the information without having to think about it, it is called rote memory. That is because it is much like a robot; it does what it is programmed to do, but it does not think for itself.
Higher order thinking or "HOT", takes thinking to higher levels than restating the facts. HOT requires doing something with the facts. One must understand them, infer from them, connect them to other facts and concepts, categorize them, manipulate them, put them together in new or novel ways, and apply them as one seek new solutions to new problems. (Thomas, A., and Thorne, G., 2009)
In education, the Bloom’s taxonomy is not something new. It has been used in the field of teaching. It is used to identify levels of comprehension. These levels can be classified as knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and
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