The way in which a person learns to read in his/her native language is varied. There are several reading strategies that can be used to enhance a student’s desire and ability to read. First, there is guided reading. With this technique the reader can either read aloud or to someone. However, pre-reading is important. In the pre-reading step, the book or reading material is discussed by the reader and the adult. When the reader has a general idea of what the book will be about, he/she has a great percentage rate of self-correcting errors. The reader and teacher may discuss the title and make predictions or even look at the pictures prior to reading. Once the child has mastered guided reading, he/she will be able to read independently. With independent reading, the child chooses a book of interest. Independent reading may be done during class time or at home. Independent readings is also referred to as sustained silent reading and drop everything and read. Research supports that the best age to begin learning to read is around six or seven.
Language Factors Learning to
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With intensive reading, the teacher helps the ELL student understand a text by explaining it line for line in his/her native language. This can be an important aspect of a reading program for students who are learning a second language; however, it should not be the only strategy. This strategy has many benefits-comprehension, irregular sounds, vocabulary, cohesion, structure, genres, and the concept of strategies. Comprehension is the most important aspect of reading. Without comprehension, reading is purposeless. Many ELL students have problems with grammar. Intensive reading can be used to practice grammar as well. A student may be asked to identify the subject and verb within a sentence or identify which word the pronoun is referring back
In watching Dr. Bear's video it is apparent that the most commonly used strategy was creating challenges through questioning for both the teacher and the student. As Dr. Bear tried to figure out the student's general understanding of the subject matter and he encountered a word that he thought might be unfamiliar, he would simply stop and ask about it. For example, during the discussion prior to reading the book, one of the students suggested that Pandas have pouches, Dr. Bear paused to ask the students about the word pouch. The intricate series of interactions between Dr. Bear, students, and text in a self-reading reflects countless instructional decisions and the unique quality of the relationship that has been built between teacher and students.
Summary Pulling from the experience of successful strategies and accommodations used by educators, chapter 3 outlines how English language learners can be supported in the classroom. Strategies for enhancing instruction through planning, supporting student involvement, building vocabulary and fluency, as well as comprehension are discussed. In regards to planning, it is recommended that educators plan with high expectations in mind and not underestimate the knowledge and abilities of ELLs. Higher order thinking such as creating, synthesizing, evaluating, analysis, and application are encouraged as approaches to instruction that is combined with engagement traits such as personal response, clearly modeled expectations, emotional and intellectual
After we tested Reid and analyzed the information, we created lesson plans that addressed his needs and we picked out books that were at the appropriate reading level for him. Each Thursday after we had finished testing, we had Reid read a Familiar Text while we took a running record. After we completed the familiar text section, we completed
To meet this challenge, content area teachers can focus on strategies that will holistically guide students’ before, during, and after reading (also known as into, through, and beyond). (243). Ruddell (2008) surveys strategies and instructional models that will guide student reading, including: Think Predict, Read, Connect (TPRC); Webquests; KWL Plus; Predict-Locate-Add-Note (PLAN); Three-Level Reading Guides; Anticipation Guides; The Prereading Plan (PReP); Questioning the Author (QTA); Reading Response Groups; Read, Encode, Annotate, Ponder (REAP) and iREAP. Lastly, Ruddell (2008) acknowledges that, while a study skills perspective to teaching reading is overall ineffective, study skills instruction can still be integrated into content learning. Recommendations include connecting study skills to real-life as opposed to worksheet type study skills training, with emphasis on particular strategies such as Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review (SQ3R) and strategic usage of underlining and
The activities were engaging for EL students in part due to the inclusion Moll’s ‘funds of knowledge’ (as cited in Ajayi, 2015) by incorporating translations and cognates from students’ home language and experiences, but additionally because the techniques were more engaging that merely searching the dictionary for a definition. The use of graphic organizers, technology, visual imagery etc. would be conducive to many students’ learning preferences and literacy levels and would also allow students to encounter and manipulate words in a variety of ways. The techniques incorporated by these teachers provide a solid foundation for effective literacy instruction for all populations of less proficient readers regardless of English
I was taught to read by sounding out letters and breaking words down. My daycare teachers, my older brothers, and my parents told me the easiest way to learn how to read was to sound out your word. Of course, getting to know the sounds of the letters was the trick. At first C’s and S’s sounded alike and they still do. Differentiating between letters and sounds was also a trick.
Allington states, “the preponderance of empirical and clinical evidence supports the relationship between fluent oral reading and good overall reading ability” (Allington, 1983, p. 560). Teacher modeling positively influences fluent oral reading (Allington, 1983; Keehn, 2003). Moreover, repeated reading, students reading text more than once, is an effective method of increasing word recognition and fluency (Allington, 1983; Turner, 2012). One method using repeated readings, Reader’s Theatre, has proven to significantly improve oral fluency as well as increase reading comprehension (Keehn, 2003). Reader’s Theatre is a strategy of reading a story aloud, like a play, using repeated reading and reading with expression and inflection.
This application of the reading process should allow the reader to “deep read” when necessary, letting the information be absorbed entirely and
If I had to make a list with all of my grammar issues, my number one would be “articles”. For an ESL student, it is really difficult to understand when I should use an article and what articles should be used. Thus, articles such as “a” and “the”, are tricky for me. Another challenge for me is
The Argument on Reading Reading has at all times and in all ages been a great source of knowledge. It widens the horizon of thinking. It plays a key role to academic success. The ability to read is highly valued and very important for social and economic advancement.
Every single night my mom and I would pick out a book from the shelf to read before I went to bed, this is probably where I took my very firsts steps in reading. After that, unlike some of you uncultured swine, I continued my adventures in reading in Pre-K. I actually
The teacher selects and introduces new books carefully chosen to match the instructional levels of students and supports whole text reading. Independent Reading time, when students choose their own appropriate books. Here, they can apply the cue systems and decoding strategies that they have learned during Shared and Guided
Readings is the most fundamental skills taught in schools today. According to Weber (2012), reading unlocks information, provides the tools to problem solve, builds vocabulary and refunds comprehension skills. Subsequently, high expectations are translated into literary standards that have been developed to promote proficiency for early learning. Key components of successful reading instruction, as suggested by Weber (2012) including, explicit instruction, guided practice, on going assessment and diagnosing reading difficulties early.
This article highlights the importance of independent reading to improve positive life-long habits, and improve performance in other academic subjects. Independent reading encourages heightened levels of reading comprehension, and exposes children to vocabulary terms that are rarely spoken in conversation, which, as stated in the article accounts for 1/3 or more of vocabulary growth. By creating engaging lessons that the children can relate to, a world will open up to them that may significantly impact their future success. I would consider this source to be of
An Analysis of The Progress in Reading Literacy Study Yuxuan Yang University of Pennsylvania 05/04/2017 PAPER FOR EDUC 683 FINAL PROJECT Abstract The Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) is an assessment that is conducted by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA).