This paper will analyze the role that NATO played in ending the Cold War according to the different international relation perspectives and the effect that the Cold War had on the different theoretical perspectives. Realism, one of the oldest and most fundamental perspectives of international relations focuses on a states material power in regards to the rest of the international system. According to realists, one of the main ways that a state is able to retain and protect its material power is through balancing. Steven Walt, a realist scholar claims that the balance of threat insinuates that states form alliances in order to protect themselves from other states that not only have greater power but also have a higher level of perceived threat due to various factors (Walt, 1985). Realists view NATO as a military alliance that was established out of the need for the
THE CAUSES OF COLD WAR The first cause of cold war is the fighting or competing between communism and capitalism ideology. After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union were the world’s strongest countries or nations. They were called superpowers. They had different ideas about economics and government administration. They fought a war of ideas called the Cold War.
The war was ‘cold’ because the United States and the USSR never fought each other in a direct military confrontation but competed for allies to maintain and widen their respective political influences around the world. The former 1945 agreements between the leaders of US, UK and USSR in Stalin, Churchill and Roosvelt about the post-war geography and political relationships were misunderstood by Truman. This unexpected US president due to his lack of experience and education, established a relationship with Stalin based on
The defeat of Soviet Union left the USA as a single hegemony of the world, making it the only super power country with no rival to be fight against for the title. It can be understood why there is no more direct conflict between the great powers. Although there was no direct war between the USA and the Soviet Union, “proxy wars” have been happening since then. Proxy war is a conflict which happen because it is incited by major powers without them actually engaged in it. In this case, either the USA and the Soviet Union assist their allies on fighting the
Introduction Liberalism and Communism are two big conflicting ideologies. The spread of these ideologies even caused the Cold War in 1947-1991. The war is called Cold War because the war was not a physical war like World War I and II, but the war was done by spreading both ideologies to other countries. Liberalist countries were led by America, which was also called the West Block, and the followers’ countries were Western Europe and Japan. As for communism, it was held by the Eastern Block, the Soviet Union, and the followers’ were some countries in Eastern Europe, China, North Korea, and North Vietnam.
A characteristic feature of the US postwar international policy was the practice of the economic diplomacy for achieving the political goals. The latter were declared in the Truman Doctrine which was publicly announced on March 12, 1947. The basis of this doctrine was the policy of containment of Soviet Union expansion in the whole world. It aimed to justify the US intervention in the internal affairs of other countries, unleash the cold war, and escalate the international tensions. The US former Vice President Henry Wallace characterized this doctrine as “crazy step toward the war, which caused the crisis in international relations” ().
During the Cold War, the United States disagreed with the Soviet Union’s Communist ideology, and seeing them as a national and international threat, the United States put in efforts to contain them. “After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union were engaged in the Cold War, a broad contest over the ideologies and allegiances of the nonaligned nations. During this period, space exploration emerged as a major area of contest and became known as the space race,” (Garber, Launius). The Soviet Union and the United States competed continuously over their beliefs and accomplishments. Their unstable relationship fueled their need for this competition; therefore the Soviets’ space accomplishment only escalated the tensions during the Cold
(p.11) According to Monteiro, those that usually propose that unipolarity is stabilizing base their view on basically two assumptions: a) The unipole will definitely guarantee and assure a global status quo. b) No state will balance against it. I will begin by analyzing the first assumption which claims that unipolarity helps define and determine the occurring state of affairs especially concerning social and political issues. In my own view, this engagement will be opposed by several minor state actors that would tend to revise their systems to undertake reforms as they seek another state power supporter or allie. This definitely creates a power struggle and sides tend to impress each others in various ways like militarily and economically.
ISIS has fulfilled the requirement to be determined as a threat towards the international security. With structural realism, it is then clear what UK perceive as their threat and how justifiable it is for UK to be involved in the war against ISIS. Military Intervention The researcher believed that the kind of military intervention that UK is adopting is the linked to the structural realism theory, which is the military intervention under the international system of multipolarity. A military intervention that do not only involves two states, but more into a global coalition. This is supported fully by structural realist as it go with modern states
The Cold War Everyone has had a problem in their life occur, there are many different ways to solve the issue. This goes on to show when all three presidents, Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedy, have their own ideas on the solution to The Cold War. The Cold War was a combat between the Soviets and the United States, the Soviets wanted to turn the Middle East into communists. According to the textbook American Anthem: Reconstruction to the Present, the presidents had the ideas of, flexible response and massive retaliation. Massive retaliation is using the nuclear weapons without threat and going straight into nuclear war.