Recharge Estimation Analysis

1.6 Techniques of recharge estimation

Based on the numerous literatures, (Scanlon et al., 2002) perceived that recharge techniques differ in terms of the typical quantity measured the variety of recharge values that can be regarded, and the spatial and temporal scales that the recharge represents. The spatial and temporal scale represented by recharge rates varies with the different techniques. Unsaturated-zone techniques frequently provide point or local-scale evaluates of the recharge, while, recharge techniques based on saturated-zone studies provide recharge estimates from local- to regional- scale. Furthermore, tracer and physical methods regularly provide point to local estimates with numerical modeling techniques giving local to regional

QBn If then QBᵢ > Q then set QB = Q The period of surface runoff is calculated from the empirical equation, ………………(1)

Where, the interval, I, used in the baseflow separation method is the odd integer between 3 and 11 nearest to 2N.

1.6.2 Recharge estimation using Water Balance Method

The term water balance was first used by C. Warren Thornthwaite and explains Water balance is a balance between the incoming water in the form of precipitation and the outflow of water in the form of evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge and runoff. In some cases there might be a change in storage (Soil moisture, Groundwater or water bodies).

The general formula of water balance is given by

P+Gi=AET+Ro+Go+I±ΔS……………………. (2)

Therefore, to apply the water balance technique we are required to estimate most of the hydrometeorological and hydrological element. Such as; precipitation, evaporation, evapotranspiration Groundwater recharges, surface Runoff, etc.

1.7 Overview of the

The general overview of the study area is discussed in Chapter two which presents location, climate, physiography, drainage and land use and land cover of the study area. Chapter three covers regional geology of which concerns more on geological setting, structural arrangement, local geology and hydrogeological characterization of study area. Chapter four presents hydrometrological data analysis and interpretation of the study area. Chapter five presents the results from the analysis and the discussion of the results from analysis of the data. Chapter six presents the conclusion and suggestion or recommendation for future research in this