Collective Self-Reflective Enquiry
LITERATURE REVIEW
‘Action research is a form of collective self-reflective enquiry undertaken by participants in social situations in order to improve the rationality and justice of their own social or educational practices, as well as their understanding of those practices and the situations in which the practices are carried out… The approach is only action research when it is collaborative, though it is important to realise that action research of the group is achieved through the critically examined action of individual group members.’ (Kemmis & McTaggart, 1988)
As stated above by Kemmis, action research must be a collaborative practice which should involve two or more set of people (in my case, the pupils, mentor and myself) to achieve a desirable outcome. Hence, it should be ‘…an enquiry which is
…show more content…
Learning is a process that focuses on what happens when it takes place which constitute learning theories. A learning theory attempts to describe how people and animals learn; thereby helping us understand the inherently complex process of learning (University of East London, 2017). We will be considering two learning theories to back up our research inquiry, which are the theories of Behaviourism and Constructivism.
“Behaviourism as a theory implies that learning is the acquisition of new behaviour through conditioning” (Skinner, 1938). Thorndike is his research made assumptions about the process of learning; first, learning is manifested by a change in behaviour; second, the environment shapes behaviour; and third, the principle of contiguity and reinforcement are central to explaining the learning process. (Thorndike, 1916)
The theory of behaviourism emphasises on the significant of students’ behaviour towards learning. As a teacher, I have observed classes where the structure of the lesson isn’t as dynamic as it should be. Hence, using game-based tools will help in addressing the issue of behaviour whilst student are
Ap Psychology Chapter 2 Summary
1304 Words | 6 PagesSummary: Chapter 2 Chapter two dives into the concept of learning. As mentioned in the previous chapter, learning is the study of changes in behavior produced by experience, so when studying learning it is vital to examine how events in the environment change an individual’s behavior. Many scientists consider learning to be a natural phenomenon, they make their case based on four assumptions. The first assumption being that natural phenomena’s do not just happen, but instead they are caused as the result of some other event. The second assumption is that causes precede effects.
Inquiry Based Questions
838 Words | 4 PagesInquiry Based Questions 1. How did Canada help Afghanistan in the war? 2. How much Canadian troops got killed in the Afghanistan war and how much survived ? 3. How did the war Began and why?
Reflective Account On Supporting Teaching And Learning
853 Words | 4 PagesThrough implement activities in this classroom, I observed that children have capacity to use materials in variety of ways to learn and explore base on their experiences and interests. Even though I have planned my activity and image how children might approach to the materials, I restrain instructions and let children express how they play and learn. I stay beside to observe and assist when children needed. It is treasure to see how children excited to learn and be creative. In the classroom, I’m sensitive to individual differences and abilities.
Classical Conditioning And Observational Learning Analysis
2548 Words | 11 PagesIntroduction Learning enables you as an individual, to gain more knowledge about something which you have never learned about. Learning also has to do with past experiences which are influenced by behavioural changes (Weiten, 2016). There are different types of ways to learn; through, classical conditioning, operant conditioning and observational learning which will be discussed and analysed in the essay. Behaviourism Behaviourism is considered one of the main subjects in psychology and the two main people who founded behaviourism were, Burrhus Frederic Skinner, also known as B.F Skinner and Ivan Pavlov who were famous for the work they did on classical and operant conditioning (Moderato & Presti, 2006). According to Moderato and Presti
Summary: Student Learning Outcomes
1849 Words | 8 PagesStudents worked in small groups collaborate to answer questions related to catheter insertion, extraction, and maintenance. The method that was used to evaluate the students is manually grading of the post-quiz to measure the students’ cognitive ability to retain the information. No apparatus or equipment used during the data collection. Miller and Metz (2014), investigates and compared the perception of the active learning process between students who were exposed to the active learning process in the classroom and members who relied on the lecture as their primary teaching strategy. The study concludes that 89% of students who engages in the active learning process through gaming in the classroom predicted favorable results in the students’ performances and motivated to learn the
Compare And Contrast Operant Conditioning And Classical Conditioning
1404 Words | 6 PagesINTRODUCTION Have you ever thought on how people explain about behaviour? How do we know when learning process has occurred? Learning is permanent change that happened in the way of your behaviour acts, arises from experience one’s had gone through. This kind of learning and experience are beneficial for us to adapt with new environment or surrounding (Surbhi, 2018). The most simple form of learning is conditioning which is divided into two categories which are operant conditioning and classical conditioning.
Constructivism Theory Of Children Of Poverty
671 Words | 3 PagesWhen we encounter something new, we have to reconcile it with our previous ideas and experience, maybe changing what we believe, or maybe discarding the new information as irrelevant (www.learning-theories.com/constructivism).”
Pros And Cons Of Operant Conditioning
926 Words | 4 PagesThe Positive and Negative of Operant Conditioning and The Most Effective Method There are many ways we can come about in behavior. An American psychologist, B.F. Skinner, introduced the theory of operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is known as associative learning and a learning process. The theory is made up of two factors in which behavior is modified through either reinforcement and or punishment.
My Practice Research Paper
1643 Words | 7 PagesKohn argues that using ‘lures for learning’ can result in students experiencing anxiety (1993, p.8). Also in special education settings students are possibly subjected to ‘Skinnerian manipulation’ (1993, p. 8). This highlights the role of criticality in classroom management and the importance of teasing out underlying assumptions through reflection (Brookfield, 1995). It raises ethical awareness to the behaviourist choices we make as teachers as we ought to recognise that we are not looking to alter the personality of young students through behaviourist techniques, but rather reduce anti-social behaviours. Contrary to this, in Kohn’s view, behaviourist teaching is seen as a ‘controlling’ technique and as a way to increase learning performance.
Pavlov's Theory Of Classical Conditioning
1265 Words | 6 PagesLink to reality: Both Skinner’s theory of operant conditioning and Pavlov’s theory of classical conditioning can be used every day in an ECCE setting. Today many school systems and childhood authorities follow Skinner’s and Pavlov’s theory by using the approach of positive reinforcement. This encourages good behaviour in the child making the behaviour more likely to be repeated again as they are rewarded and praised for their efforts in reading, writing and general learning. It is important that children’s efforts in a learning setting are rewarded as this will encourage the child to perform to the best of their ability.
Behaviorism And Piaget's Theory Of Cognitive Development
1903 Words | 8 PagesBehaviourism: Behaviourism assumes that a learner is fundamentally flaccid, replying to environmental incentives. Behaviour theorists states learning as nothing more than the attainment of new behaviour. In this theory Language acquisition is the result of stimulus-response activities where factors that facilitate are imitation, replication, reward and reinforcement. Cognitivism Cognitivists are related with ‘cognition’ and how it marks individual ‘learning’.
Bruce Tuckman's Theory Of Behavior Management
1821 Words | 8 Pages3.1) Theories of Behaviour Management Behaviour management is a tool, a system, generates learning environment to encourage positive behaviour and minimise the opportunity for negative conduct to occur. It is like modifying and change learner's action in a positive manner where the primary focus lies on maintaining order. Many theorists presented their views in their research work on the understanding of the nature of the behaviour BILL ROGER is an education consultant and author present his work on behaviour management, discipline, effective teaching, and stress management etc. and also lectures widely covers the topic to both the learner and the teacher for the challenges facing in leadership in educational premises. Bill Roger recommended
The Disadvantages Of The Behaviourist Approach In Education
1025 Words | 5 PagesWhile the behaviourist approach can be used to explain simple tasks, it becomes much more problematic in the learning process when tasks and objectives become more complex, such as with higher education. Even though behaviourism has had a major impact on the education in the western world, some critics highlighted the theory’s limitations by stating it was merely a scientific model that has been tested in a laboratory under specific test conditions, and how humans have a higher cognitive process than animals. They also found the theory to be dehumanising and unethical, not to mention that there was no consideration to the humans’ thought complexity compared to animals. A possible problem in relation to teachers utilising behavioural strategies in the classroom, such as praise or time-out, is the potential for haphazard, inconsistent and incorrect implementation (Angela M O’Donnell 2012, p
Watson's Theory Of Behaviorism
705 Words | 3 PagesIn its most general sense, Behaviorism, also known as behavioral psychology, is a theory of learning developing as a result of the ideas and beliefs shared by a group of people who has influenced educators’ view of learning. The term behavioral psychology refers to a psychological approach which principally concerned with stimulus-response activities and emphasizes the role of environmental factors in a learning process, to the exclusion of own free will. There is a tenet of behavioral psychology that “only observable, measurable, an outward behavior is worth investigating” (Bush, 2006, p. 14). Historically speaking, behaviorism was originated in the 1880s and develops gradually in the twentieth-first century and beyond. Skinner and
The Importance Of Teaching Strategies In Education
1121 Words | 5 PagesThe motivational psychology researchers discovered several useful approaches and practices that can be implemented in the classroom for effective learning to take place (Miller, 2012). Teachers are using differentiation to support teaching and learning. Differentiation can vary in pace, activities, resources, teaching and learning styles in an attempt to best meet the needs of individual student. Various teaching strategies such as cooperative learning, active learning, role play and games and pedagogic tools are being integrated in educational theories in meaningful and useful ways to encourage task or learning achievements.
More about Collective Self-Reflective Enquiry
Ap Psychology Chapter 2 Summary
1304 Words | 6 PagesInquiry Based Questions
838 Words | 4 PagesReflective Account On Supporting Teaching And Learning
853 Words | 4 PagesClassical Conditioning And Observational Learning Analysis
2548 Words | 11 PagesSummary: Student Learning Outcomes
1849 Words | 8 PagesCompare And Contrast Operant Conditioning And Classical Conditioning
1404 Words | 6 PagesConstructivism Theory Of Children Of Poverty
671 Words | 3 PagesPros And Cons Of Operant Conditioning
926 Words | 4 PagesMy Practice Research Paper
1643 Words | 7 PagesPavlov's Theory Of Classical Conditioning
1265 Words | 6 PagesBehaviorism And Piaget's Theory Of Cognitive Development
1903 Words | 8 PagesBruce Tuckman's Theory Of Behavior Management
1821 Words | 8 PagesThe Disadvantages Of The Behaviourist Approach In Education
1025 Words | 5 PagesWatson's Theory Of Behaviorism
705 Words | 3 PagesThe Importance Of Teaching Strategies In Education
1121 Words | 5 Pages