In this paper I will analyze my personality, we all know that understanding ourselves is very hard and critical, biases will be evident, but if we look it into different perspective, this will serve as a tool for us to improve ourselves and be better.
Let me start with my family structure, I am a middle child, third from my four siblings. What I can remember on my childhood is my 3 siblings love to pick on me, and because of that (before) I believed on Middle child syndrome, I have this feeling of exclusion. According to Adler, character traits and behaviors derive primarily from developmental issues, including birth order. Adler describes the middle child may grow to be more competitive, rebellious and consistent in attempting to be best. Middle children may
…show more content…
This type of conditioning holds that a certain behavior and a consequence, either a reward or punishment, have a connection which brings about learning. It is very well practiced on our family, we are a total of 4 children in the house and only one guardian whom is my dad since my mom passed away during my early years, I remember him using slippers and belt to punish us if we did something wrong, at first he will reprimand us but since we are all hard headed sometime he needs to use physical punishment for us to learn, and I must say yes it is effective. We are scared of punishment that’s why we did our best to do good things.
During teenage years, I started to have relationship, since my mom died early, I’m really longing for affection with someone, somehow believed of Horney’s theory; she believed that neurosis resulted from basic anxiety caused by interpersonal relationships. Her theory proposes that strategies used to cope with anxiety can be overused, causing them to take on the appearance of needs. These behaviors include such things as the neurotic needs for power, prestige, and
it’s ok, we’re not angry.’” (Benway 355). My topic of inquiry relates the effects of both genetics and upbringing on childhood development. This quote shows the correlation that parenting styles do affect how a child's personality develops, and genetics are not the only factor in personality development.
In the article “The Power of Birth Order” by Jeffrey Kluger, I read about the impact of birth order has on families and who we will become. The power of birth order has an effect in every family, no one is immune. We saw what he meant when Kluger gave us an example of important people in the public eye. He started talking about the misfortune of many presidents’ younger siblings such as Elliot Roosevelt, Donald Nixon, Billy Carter, Roger Clinton, and Neil Bush. Although, their older brothers, Teddy Roosevelt, Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton and George Bush became someone historical and responsible for the nation, their siblings didn’t run the same luck.
An identity can be formed through many different experiences. In the article “The Achiever, the Peacemaker and the Life of the Party: How Birth Order Affects Personality” by Dr. Gail Gross, the article shows how birth order may affect personality. Birth order affects identity. The eldest child, the middle child, and the youngest child all have different personalities and identities. Since birth order affects identity, the eldest child a different personality than their siblings.
In essay one, Alan Stewart wanted to find out if birth order affected how people act. In essay two, “How Birth Order Affects Your Personality,” the author, Joshua Hartshorne, claims he wants to find out if birth order affects people. They both studied several different studies, but neither of them got a definitive answer. It led both of them back to the very beginning. Stewart read over five hundred journal entries made by Alfred Adler, the original birth order theorist.
Nevertheless, Skinner points out that children learn nothing from the punishment. Instead, they may start to work out how to avoid it (Nolan & Raban, 2015). Another concept is classical conditioning (classical behaviorism) that emphasizes on the relation between stimuli and response. This concept embodies in a famous experiment, in which the food is presented to the dog when the bell rings, and the bell becomes a conditioned stimulus for the dog (Nolan & Raban, 2015). Likewise, if children receive toys in the condition that they behave well, then they will probably repeat this behavior to get the toys.
Behavior therapy was studied by Ivan Pavlov and his famous dog study in which dogs were conditioned to salivate upon hearing a bell. It was later continued to be studied by John Watson who has the famous “Little Albert” study in which an 11-month old infant was conditioned to be scared of fuzzy white things because a rat was paired with a loud noise. The conclusion of the two conditioning experiences was that, behaviors followed by satisfying experiences tend to increase in frequency and behaviors followed by aversive experiences tend to decrease in frequency” (Thoma, 2015). Watson’s assistant Mary Jones, used this principle to clinical applications reasoning that, “if conditioning could be used to induce a phobia, perhaps it could be used to undo a phobia as well” (Thoma, 2015). Thus, behavior therapy was developed and began being used for
After an examination of Erik Erikson and Daniel Levinson’s theories at first sight not much is alike, since the stages both differ, but digging deeper in Erikson's and Levinson’s theories have similar ideas in social development; after all, these two studies differ in the outcome. Erik erikson's theories have a greater underlining on child-adolescent development, he believes that early development of a child is the foundation and is the greatest impact on a person's identity and personality later on in life. Erikson presents the stages from childhood to adulthood, but in his theory the only significant development is during childhood, which is the problem, since an individual goes through life experiences throughout life they may have a great impact as an adult too. On the other hand Daniel Levinson’s theory signifies changes throughout all of life's experiences, from childhood to adulthood and continuing. Levinson’s theory believes that we adapt ad we let go of certain things as we move on in life and move from one stage to another.
Introduction Learning enables you as an individual, to gain more knowledge about something which you have never learned about. Learning also has to do with past experiences which are influenced by behavioural changes (Weiten, 2016). There are different types of ways to learn; through, classical conditioning, operant conditioning and observational learning which will be discussed and analysed in the essay. Behaviourism Behaviourism is considered one of the main subjects in psychology and the two main people who founded behaviourism were, Burrhus Frederic Skinner, also known as B.F Skinner and Ivan Pavlov who were famous for the work they did on classical and operant conditioning (Moderato & Presti, 2006). According to Moderato and Presti
How Personality Can Surprisingly Affect Your Health? Our personality defines us and subsequently affects how the work we do and how we live. We choose our profession and our partner by keeping in mind our personality type. We, in general, believe that our personality is nothing more but our characteristics and features which differentiate us from others but in a recent study, it has been found that it also affects our health in a considerable manner.
This method of operant conditioning allows a person and or animal to realize when something is being done correctly and that it should be followed in the future. This method is rewarding and allows it to be beneficial for someone. According to a research conducted to treat problem behavior in Atlanta, researchers finalized that “training and treatment analysis showed that treatments based on positive reinforcement were effective at reducing problem behavior. (Call, 2014). This research proves how positive reinforcement can provide a good outcome for future behaviors.
Therefore, the way this conditioning technique was carried out, and the results of this technique are inaccurate to real world psychological conditioning practices. The goal of this treatment was to condition the criminal subject to have feelings of strong distress whenever he or she experiences feelings and urges to act violently. The idea of classical conditioning is to make the subject understand that with
I am a middle child, yet I am not the yelling, screaming, dramatic kid who strives to get others’ attention. I am probably the only middle child in the world who doesn’t hunger for the spotlight to shine on them as they act in idiotic ways to gain scraps of validation. I remember the very day that I became a middle child. Up to my sixth year I lived as the youngest child, bathing in the attention of my father.
Children differ in cognitive , social, physical and emotional development pattern. They may differ in response for the same objet or play or affection or people. Some always appear to be active and happy and other appear to be dull and unhappy. It is found that some children are easier to like. To help all kinds of children, it is required to understand the sequence of development pattern.
1. B.F. Skinner: Behaviour modification Positive and negative reinforcements or rewards and punishments are used to modify or shape learner’s behaviour. B. F. Skinner’s entire system is based on operant conditioning. The organism is in the process of "operating" on the environment, which in ordinary terms means it is bouncing around its world, doing what it does. During this "operating," the organism encounters a special kind of stimulus, called a reinforcing stimulus, or simply a reinforcer.
The characteristics that Adler attributed to people according to their birth order are as follows: the firstborn children receive a lot of attention from their parents, but then they will sadly suffer the dethrone by their siblings, whom they will overprotect; they are prone to further problems due to the loss of prior privileges and to the supposed responsibility for taking care of their siblings. Middleborn children neither lived the dethrone nor were consented, although it is common that they feel out of place or become rebellious. The youngest children are aiming to being arrogant, consented and dependent on others because their siblings have always helped them, so they will have greater difficulty adapting to adult life. Only children never lose their supremacy; they are independent, self-centered and have no problem on being alone, but they find hard to share and compete with others. Finally, the twins; the one who is born first is usually the dominant; they are confident because of their closeness, but they find it difficult to be alone and have problems when they separate.