REFLECTION OF GENDER DISCRIMINATION AND THE TEST OF MORALITY UPON LEADESHIP TO INFLUENCE CHANGE TOWARD EQUALITY Page 1 of 1
The Civil Right Act: A Reflection of Gender Discrimination and the Test of Morality upon Leadership to Influence Change Towards Equality
Title 7 is considered to be the most important equal opportunity law enacted within the Civil Right Act. This is because it directly prohibits discrimination based on demographics such as race, color, religion, sex or national origin. Title 7 was success for all minorities, but was a success especially for women. With such success that came from the title, there was a lot of work to re-assurance of proper implementation. Title 7 was perceived to be a large victory in equality and rights for women.
This is because title 7 guaranteed gender equality regardless of sex and prohibited discrimination. This is especially true for discrimination against compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment on the basis of gender. Mitchell Rice and Audrey Mathews mention their thoughts on equality. Rice and Mathew (2012) argue that although Title 7 set guidelines for prohibition of discrimination against gender discrimination, the fight for gender equality was far from over. During the beginning enactment stages of Title 7, The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the agency who was responsible for enforcing Title 7,only viewed the ban on gender discrimination as a joke, making it public that eventually it would
One of the first Supreme Court Cases that have happened to obtained Women’s Rights was in 1971. In 1971, there was a Supreme Court Cases called Phillips V. Martin Marietta Corporation. In of this court case Phillips tried to apply for a job of being of a preschool teacher and was denied. Phillips wasn’t the only one who applied and didn’t receive the job, since 80% of the applicants were denied because the were all women. So, once has just Phillips found out that she was denied from a job, just by her gender she took it the authorities to show them what Martin Marietta Corp. was doing.
One of these precedents, Sullivan v. Little Hunting Park, Inc., was a case that stated a cause of action was present for retaliation for trying to stop discrimination against African Americans. Since suing for retaliation for standing up for a race is protected under the 14th amendment, why would it not be the same for gender? Other precedents used for Jackson v. Birmingham Board of Ed. include Cannon v. University of Chicago, Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools, and Davis v. Monroe County Board of Ed. Cannon v. University of Chicago ruled that Title IX prohibits unlawful sex discrimination, Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools ruled that suits for money loss resulting from discrimination are a right under Title IX, and Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education ruled that indifference about harassment by another student was intentional discrimination(Jackson v. Birmingham Board of Ed.).
These episodes weren't one-off occurrences; rather, they were a part of a larger pattern of discrimination against women in the workplace. The National Organization for Women (NOW) and the Women's Equity Action League (WEAL) are two organizations that Boschert cites as examples of how women started organizing to fight for their rights. As a result of their efforts, Title IX became a significant piece of legislation that addressed sexism. Initially overshadowed by other legal provisions, such as those relating to desegregation and bilingual education, Title IX was a component of the Education Amendments of 1972. Feminist activists like Bernice Sandler and Patsy Mink campaigned to ensure that Title IX was included in the final legislation because they saw the potential of the law to address sex discrimination in education.
Many worried that if women started competing, they would become unladylike. After the creation of Title IX, another organization, AIAW, took over control of women's
Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972: “No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.” What is Title IX On June 23, 1972, Richard M. Nixon (the President at the time) signed Title IX of the Education Amendment, into decree. Title IX is a wide-ranging federal law that forbids discrimination based on sex in all federally sponsored education programs or activity’s. Title IX is a law that was put into effect in 1972, that entails gender equity for girls and boys in the United States educational programs that receives federal funding.
For generations now, powerful and brave women in the United States have cajoled citizens, members of Congress and government officials to ratify a Constitutional amendment that states “Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex.” In 1923, during the 75th anniversary of the 1848 Women’s Rights convention in Seneca Falls, women’s rights activist Alice Paul created the “Lucretia Mott Amendment” which would grant men and women equal rights throughout the United States. On March 22, 1972, the amendment now titled the “Equal Rights Amendment” passed the U.S Senate and House of Representatives and was to be sent to the states for approval. However, once the seven-year deadline on the ratification process came to an end in 1979, the amendment’s proponents lacked the ratification by 38 states and thus the proposed 27th amendment for equal rights was terminated. The ERA advocates continue to work together and utilize each other's resources in hope to finally pass the bill.
Title IX is a great law that help women get the same rights in education as men. Title IX has been active for over forty years and has been helping women achieve equality. Title IX is a law that stops sex discrimination and helps break down the barriers that women once had difficulty getting passed. This essay will be showing how Title IX is fair to men and women. This essay will show how Title IX is fair and show the claims on Title IX.
Title IX was signed into law in 1972 and it required equality for male and female students in each educational program and activity that received federal funding. This means that universities had to offer sports that women could participate in. The reasons Title IX came into being was a demand from Women’s Rights organizations for equal opportunities. Prior to 1972, sports, competition, and many other university programs were generally considered to be masculine and “ not ladylike.”
There is discrimination; women and different races aren’t treated equally. Activists Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan Sparrow, and Harriet Tubman, along with many others, take this problem to solve from different “sides.” Stanton working mainly for women rights, Sparrow working for equal payment, and Tubman working mainly for slavery abolishment. All of these activists wanted all men and
The fight for equality is an ongoing battle for women even in the contemporary society but has improved substantially due to
In 1972 the ERA was sent to the states to be ratified but the amendment fell two states short and was therefore not included in the constitution. In this article, many scholars argue that the ERA is needed to increase the standard of law that is now used to settle sex discrimination cases. They also believe it would help women that believe they are being denied equal rights. These assumptions
Throughout history discrimination has had a negative impact on people and has cause certain groups of people to suffer. Discrimination can be against people of different race, religion, gender and sexuality and in the late 1800’s women were one of the groups that were discriminated. Women had to fight hard to obtain the rights they now have in the 21st century and many of the women who fought for equal rights didn’t get to experience those rights since laws in their favor weren’t passed until years and years of fighting. In the late 1800’s American women were discriminated because they were not granted the same rights as men in the workforce, women had to be obedient to their husbands in their marriage and society had certain norms that women
The passing of this law saw all employees get treated equally, and the biases that existed ended. Its legislation led to the reduction in the rate of unemployment in organizations. Discrimination based on sex preferences has been the major challenge and this drove the women rights movement to stress for the legislation of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act (Aiken, Salmon, & Hanges, 2013.) Despite Title VII of the Civil Rights Act helping to alleviate the issue of discrimination especially on women in employment sectors, it did not meet all the needs of women in the
Before Title IX, women were given zero to none opportunities to participate in
Sexism: Got equality? Have you ever gone to the doctor and got a shot? How about used a car heater? Or even a dishwasher? Who invented these everyday items?