Many ions like salt water can conduct electricity when its dissolves in water, many ionic solutions need two or more ions that are connected by an electrical attraction. The ions are that positively charge is called cations and negatively charge is called anion. the water solution includes table salt which is sodium which is Na and chloride which is Cl, and water that is a very small V shaped molecule and the chemical formula is H2O. Then the atoms in this solution consist of a positive
As such, heating the seawater or brackish water until evaporation occurs leaves behind salt and the vapor is then condensed to provide fresh water. Several processes involved in the distillation process include Multi-stage flash distillation (MSF), Multiple-effect distillation (MED), cogeneration, vapor-compression evaporation (VC) and solar water desalination (Shatat and Riffat, 2012). Multi-stage Flash
The property of the distilled water is measured. It is evident that, the distilled water produced by solar still is quite resembles the commercial distillation water. Experimental work was compared with simulation study. Temperature distribution over the glass is verified with Computational Fluid Dynamic approach using Ansys. The computational result is validating with the experiment
Question#1: What is distillation? Answer: “A separation technique in which two or more substances are separated into their components from their mixture (liquid or vapour mixture) by the means of heat removal or heat addition is called distillation1.” In liquid mixture distillation, the mixture is heated and less boiling point liquid began to evaporate. Vapors of that liquid then condensed to get purified liquid. Purified liquid is then called condensate. Repetition of distillation on collected liquid is called double distillation, this can be done just to enhance the purity of collected liquid2.
The Gibbs energy of this reaction is negative. In the water molecule there are Hydrogen and Oxygen are in ionic state as 2H+ and O2-. In this reaction each hydrogen atom has an electron. These electrons attached by Oxygen because O2-. In this reaction each Hydrogen atom has an electron.
〖NaOH〗_((aq))+〖HCl〗_((aq))→〖NaCl〗_((aq))+H_2 O_((l)) In aqueous solutions the substances that are involved will experience dissociation, which changes the ionization state of the substances (Neutralization, 2018). When an acid is dissolved in water the covalent bond between the electronegative atom and the hydrogen atom is broken by heterolysis. This gives a proton and a cation (Dissociation, 2018). Therefore, the equation is the reaction below. 〖〖Na〗_((aq))〗^++〖〖OH〗_((aq))〗^-+〖H_((aq))〗^++〖〖Cl〗_((aq))〗^-→〖〖Na〗_((aq))〗^++〖〖Cl〗_((aq))〗^-+H_2 O_((l)) After the acid has been neutralized there are no hydrogen ions left in the solution.
The various techniques are used to condition the power from the PV source and it can be used in variety of applications such as to charge the batteries and feed the power to the grid. There are different power stages like 20V, 2A DC power supply and 50W solar panel can be connected to the board. On the other hand, the immediate demonstration of the power processing from the solar panel, a PV emulator power stage is integrated on the board. It consists of light sensor, control card socket, AC/DC power adapter and DC-DC buck-boost converter and so on. The buck-boost converter accepts the DC power typically 20V which generates the DC output based on the light sensor.
Desalination through reverse osmosis removes the salts from the water with the help of membrane. These membranes are non porous and allows certain materials to pass through them. The holes in the mesh of reverse osmosis membrane are of the size that allows only water molecules to pass through them, leaving behind the salt molecules. Salt is a prospective by-product of desalination by reverse osmosis. High operating pressure is required to push the water through these membranes.
The sun light strikes the upper surface of the cell; some photons are absorbed near the junction of two layers. This generates e.m.f and if the two electrodes are connected through the external circuit a current flow. Photo voltaic cell generates DC supply. However it can be converted to AC of required voltage by power conditioning unit (PCU). There are many companies are supplying solar panels but the institute installed Mono crystalline solar panels of “solar semi-Conductor
the solar dryer is called a forced circulation solar dryer. They are normally referred to as active dryers. The basic schematic of an indirect type forced circulation solar dryer is shown in the fig. below. Fig.2: Indirect type forced convection solar dryer.