The purpose of this case study is to analyze Reginald Tone's behaviors and early life in order to attempt to provide some reasoning behind the crimes he committed. Reginald Tone was arrested in 2008 and charged and convicted of three murders and ten assaults that were both sexual and violent in nature. These crimes will be analyzed in context of Tone's childhood and adolescence, drawing on both his actions and the environment in which he was raised. Some key factors of Tone'e early life will be discussed and used to apply pertinent psychological theories and prospectives to try to explain why Tone committed the crimes that he did.
Case Summary When Reginald was arrested in 2008 for his crimes, he denied the rape allegations, describing the sexual assault as consensual sex. All of the women that were assault were strangled and raped in their own flats or apartments. All of these women were of different ages, falling between 18 an 45 at the time of the attack. Tone straggled each woman with a piece of her own clothing, usually the cord of her dressing gown, and left her apartment or flat in a state of disarray that resembled a burglary. Upon further investigation, the police found that the only items missing from the crime scene were various articles of clothing. Tone's earlier
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As a child and young teen, Reginald was exposed to quite a lot of violence and deviant behaviors through his family. Sociologist E.H. Sutherland developed and social learning theory called differential association that suggests that a persons criminal behavior is learned through other people, usually the people close to that person (Ainsworth, 2000). Reginald's crimes consisted of violent assault, sexual assault, and apparent burglary, all of which existed in his household in the form of his father or brothers, who would often use Reginald to help them rob people's
In the story “Our Guys: The Glen Ridge Rape and the Secret Life of the Perfect Suburbs” by Bernard Lefkowitz describes the events of Leslie a mentally ill woman that was raped by the treasured group of high school athletes in Glen Ridge, New Jersey. The gang rape occurred on March 1, 1989. Leslie left her house in the afternoon to go play basketball in the park. When she arrived at the park, many of the school 's athletes were there, either watching or taking part of baseball practice. One of the boys Chris Archer approached her and asked her to come down to a basement of a nearby house for a party.
“The other Wes Moore” book report The Other Wes Moore by Wes Moore is a book that uncovers two different stories of two people with the same name. However, the book does not simply tell you two different stories, but it also gives implications to the application of different criminology theories to understand reasons why people do commit crimes and why they do not. The story of two men named Wes Moore can be viewed from different perspective. For instance, it is possible to view their story from a biological type of way, according to which individual choices are the result of inherited behavior of individuals. On the other hand, it is possible to view their story from an environmental type of view.
The Rizzuto family is an Italian-Canadian organized crime family based in Montreal, Quebec. The family has a multi-million-dollar international empire and are involved with many illegal activities including, “large-scale construction fraud, drug trafficking, extortion, bribery, stock manipulation, loansharking and money laundering (Nicaso, 2017. par. 1). There are many large players in this family, including the previous leader, Nicolo Rizzuto, and the current leader, Vito Rizzuto. One way to try and understand why this whole family is involved in crime, is to apply ideas from learning theories, such as Sutherland’s Differential Association theory, where it is thought that criminal behaviour is learned through social interactions (Lilly, Ball & Cullen, 2015, p .44).
In criminology, differential association is a theory developed by Edwin Sutherland proposing that through interaction with others, individuals learn the values, attitudes, techniques, and motives for criminal behavior. The differential association theory is the most talked about of the learning theories of deviance. (DAT). (Sutherland) (Sociological Theories of Crime and Their Explanation on Crime , 2007) Theories of criminality are most commonly derived from human behavior.
This theory clearly rules out the effect of inherited or innate factors, and the last is the cognitive theory, which is based on how the perception of an individual is manifested into affecting his or her potential and capability to commit a crime. (Psychological theories of crime) Relating these theories to the case under study, it’s clear that the behaviour can be traced most times to faulty relationships in the family during the first years of
The general aggression model can be used to examine and explain the psychological reasoning behind aggressive and violent behaviour. Charles Manson was an infamous criminal from the 1960s. He ordered and led a cult group to committing savage and ruthless murders. This paper will briefly summarize and analyze the general aggression model. Furthermore, it will be broken down to examine Charles Manson 's childhood and how it influenced him towards a deviant lifestyle.
Offence Analysis Having established the relevant background and demographic factors, the next part of the report will identify the predisposing factors which contributed to the development of Paul’s offending behaviour. Specifically, this report will begin to acknowledge the mechanisms between Paul’s childhood experiences and his sexual offending behaviour. Paul’s childhood experiences Relational experiences are significantly influenced by the quality of an attachment bond that is established in childhood, specifically between a child and their parent/primary caregiver (Marsa et al., 2004). According to the attachment theory (Bowlby, 1969), an attachment displays the bond between a child and their parent (primary
A serial killer’s violent rage may reflect the abuse and neglect endured in childhood. Their intense hatred cultivated in the early stages of childhood now will be directed at their unsuspecting victims. In The Killers Among Us, Stephen Egger claims that many case studies of mass and serial murderers discovered a reoccurring background of ”neglect and early years spent in extreme social and psychological deprivation” (Egger 29). Continually, Egger states that the most common aspect of the serial killer’s histories was the physical abuse and violent punishments inflicted on them as a child. As a result, their subconscious stores these traumatic memories and emotions, which later has a powerful result on their behaviors and emotional life
Between the mid-late 1970s and the early 1980s, Dennis Nilsen began mass murdering young men in Great Britain that had at least 15 men through strangulation (Crime Investigation, 2014). In analyzing his life, many of contributions throughout his life could have influenced his criminal behaviour when committing his crimes. Many theories such as broken home hypothesis and schema therapy theory use psychological explanations that determine how the individual resulted into committing their crimes. With schema therapy theory, not only does it discuss the justification for criminal behaviour, but suggests how to reduce the relapse of criminal acts by identifying the cause or the trigger of the individual’s criminal behaviour (Vos et al., 2016). In Dennis Nilsen’s life, there are several indications such as the abandonment of his family members, the termination of a past relationship, and the reclusiveness from society that could have resulted
Social learning theory and social bonding theory are two theories that may be compared and contrasted because they both overlap and differ. Although these theories have their similarities and differences, one theory may prove to be more convincing in terms of applying the theory to the understanding of crime and delinquency. Social learning theory refers to Akers’ theory of crime and deviance. Akers attempted to specify the mechanism and processes through which criminal learning takes place by explaining crime and deviance; he did this in such a way that the likelihood of conforming or deviant behavior based on the influence of an individual’s history of learning was accounted for. This theory was based off Sutherland’s differential association theory, which had nine propositions outlining the process by which individuals acquire attitudes favorable to criminal or delinquent behavior with the basic idea that people tend to associate with others in which they come into contact.
In this assignment the case study of Ted Bundy and how many biological, social and cognitive studies affect the perspective of criminals. In this case biological theories are our genetics and what we inherit from our parents and further on. These theories will be linked to Ted and if they affect how he performed the criminal acts. Introduction Ted Bundy is one of America’s most prolific serial killers who targeted brunette women in an attempt to get back at his ex-girlfriend, but also his mother who had lied about Ted’s paternity for a number of years. During Ted’s early life he went by the name of Theodore Robert Cowell.
The Mafia and organized crime would be an example of deviance in society. Differential Association Theory and Social Structure sheds light on how individuals learn to become criminals, the conditions in social structures that lead to deviant behavior, and how both are similar. Members of the Mafia are influenced by their own set of norms and beliefs in their culture. Both, Differential Association Theory and Social Structure, are essential for a complete understanding of deviant behavior and why organized crime exists.
Agnew’s General Strain Theory in There Are No Children Here Introduction Throughout this semester, we have covered various criminological theories along with their strengths and limitations. These theoretical perspectives provide possible explanations to why individuals commit crimes. In addition to, these theories are indirectly woven within cultural objects such as song lyrics, movies, books, and television.
The criminal case I have selected for this assignment is on Justin Morton; who at the age of fourteen years old Morton was the first youth convicted of first-degree murder section 231 CC. Although, The report show that the young man was raised in a healthy and supportive home with his mother and father. In spite of this, Justin expresses to his psychiatrist his impulse and desire for inflicting pain on others; he claims to have no remorse for the murder of Eric Levrack. Not to mention, He also voiced to former classmates that "Eric was annoying, always invading his space. "As a matter of fact, after the killing on April 1, 2003, Morton had turned himself in, he described the event as an open game of trust just before he strangled Eric with a belt.
Edwin Sutherland proposed the Differential Association theory to explain how these criminal behaviors can be learned and maintained by emphasizing the meanings to the experiences through inmate personal groups. When the individual possesses the knowledge of the criminal behavior, they develop "techniques of committing the crime" and the specific direction of motives. Individuals are seen as delinquents or criminals when they encourage the violation of law over the obeying of law. John Dillinger's childhood gang, the Dirty Dozen, initiated his label as a thief and also asserted his desire to possessed excessive money. In his adulthood, John continues to learn how to perfect his criminal behavior by befriended professional bank robbers, Harry Pierpont, and Homer Van Meter, while he was imprisoned.