Theory of constructionism
This theory was developed by Seymour Paper of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He based his theory on the theory of knowledge that was created by Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget (1896-1980). The theory of knowledge is a set of ideas that describes what knowledge is all about and how it develops within the minds of the people.
The theory of constructionism states that learning happens when the learner 's construct a product that is meaningful to them. This product can include a story, a poem or a song among others. When the children construct the meaningful products they simultaneously develop knowledge in their mind. This new knowledge enables them to make sophisticated in the world leading to more knowledge.
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Jerome Bruner (1915-)
7. Herbert Simon (1916-2001)
8. Paul Watzlawick (1921-2007)
9. Ernst von Glaserfeld (1917-2010)
10. Edgar Morin (1921-)
Relation of constructivist theory to teaching and learning
The relation of this theory to learning can be focus on three areas which include: the learner, the teacher or instructor and learning process.
1. The learner / Student
The learner is responsible for the learning and takes an active role in learning. They have to do something so that learning is not passive but involves the learner.
The learner has to be motivated to learn. This motivation should be intrinsic to drive the learner to learn.
This learning happens within the mind of a learner therefore the crucial action of construction meaning is mental.
2. The teacher/ Instructor
The teacher plays a role of a facilitator rather than that of an instructor or a lecturer. His or her role is to support, guide and model learning.
3. The learning
Learning is considered a process because it involves use of sensory inputs and constructs meaning out of it.
Learning is a social activity which associated with others people who may include the peers, teachers, family and
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This method of teaching is effective for students who learn better hands on environment and helps students to better relate information learned in their classrooms in their lives.
2. Students are work in groups. This helps them help each other as well as value each other 's value and opinion.
3. It encourages teachers to spend more time on student’s favorite topics and allow teachers to focus on important and relevant information
4. Students work in groups this helps them to learn new skills, support each other in learning process and value each other’s option.
Disadvantages of constructivist theory
1. Training is extensive, costly and long term and maybe un reasonable for school budget as well disruptive to student learning.
2. Teachers are unable to customize the curriculum with an average numbers of students because level of knowledge varies.
3. It is difficult to design a curriculum for constructivist theory since it is difficult to determine knowledge of previous learning for each learner.
4. Constructivist theory eliminates standardized testing and grading. This eliminates grade centered goals and rewards as well as comparison of students statewide or district specific
Individual or small group teaching can help these students. After teaching the lesson, meeting with small groups of students with similar needs and discussing the lesson can help students reach the learning tasks. Students in these small groups can discuss with each other and ask and answer questions together. Having students work and learn from each other may be more beneficial because some students may understand concepts better when being taught by a peer. I will also listen to the discussion to understand individual students strengths and areas of improvement
Kincheloe, Joe L. Critical Constructivism Primer (pp. 1-5). New York: P. Lang, 2005. Print. In Joe L. Kincheloe’s chapter on “Critical Constructivism” (2005) he argues that teachers and students aren’t challenged in their profession, liberal arts, and science.
When looking at the pros and cons of each I found that; first, I really focused on the pros of each of the theories and wanted to see the best aspects of each, second, some of the theories played into one another. Social learning is great in that students can learn from observing, so in online learning this might be showing an example of completed work. Or it could be showing a chemistry experiment through a video, the student would be learning through the observing of the video. Constructivism has a focus on the authentic experiences and problem solving. As a teacher I have found that the minute I can make something authentic, or prove that the student will use the concept in another area of their life, the student is on board learning the concept.
Your groups will be made up of three students each. Each of you has different strengths and talents you will bring to your group. For instance, Sally, John, and Micah will be in Group #1 and they will read a biography about Amelia Earhart. Micah is very good at organizing.
4.0 An Explanation of Realism, Liberalism, Constructivism and Post-Structuralism. 4.1 Realism Realism or political realism prioritizes national interests and security concerns in addition to moral ideology and social reconstruction. The term is often associated with political power. The term is often associated with political power. Realism believes that the state is the main actor of the most important in determining the direction of a country.
It is a viable tool for addressing the maximum participation of the child and can be a catalyst to ensure effective learning. Effective teachers use an array of teaching strategies because there is no single, universal approach that suits all situations. Different strategies used in different combinations with different groupings of students will improve learning outcomes. Some strategies are better suited to teaching skills and fields of knowledge than others. Some strategies are better suited to certain student backgrounds, learning styles and
When we encounter something new, we have to reconcile it with our previous ideas and experience, maybe changing what we believe, or maybe discarding the new information as irrelevant (www.learning-theories.com/constructivism).”
Introduction The case school is the Northeast STEM Academy. The STEM Academy is part of the Northeast Independent School District (NEISD) in San Antonio Texas. The STEM Academy is a magnet program serving grades 6 to 12 (“STEM,” 2008).
Constructivism Constructivism as a prototype posits that learning is an active constructive process.
There are five different types of learning theories, behaviorism, cognitivism, humanism, social learning, or constructivism. All of them propose various ways through which learning is realized. However, there is no single set of learning theory, which if followed to the latter can grant a tutor a perfect outcome in the classroom. For many years, the study of learning has resulted in heated debates. It has been at the center of educational psychology.
Learning Theory and The Role It Plays in Education Introduction Learning theories are used every day in classrooms all over America, educational theorist Lev Vygotsky, Jean Piaget, Benjamin Bloom and Jerome Bruner introduced constructivism and social constructivism theories (cognitive development, social development, and developmental). The theories developed by Vygotsky, Piaget, Bloom, and Bruner share similarities and differences, and throughout the years have been compared for educational discoveries. Learning theories are extremely important for educators, because learning is an active process. Theorist/Theory #1 Lev Vygotsky and the Zone of Proximal Development (ZDP), is the belief that students learn from adults who are more advanced
Those five ways include i) whole class teaching, ii) group work (teacher-led), iii) group work (student-led), iv) one-to-one (teacher and student) and v) one-to-one (student pairs). Whole class teaching seems to be the most important way in my class and I can be very sure in any other class since it is the main method uses to convey knowledge to students. Students get very comfortable and happy doing group work but there is a little case in which student is prefer to do individual work. No matter which way is selected, indirectly, students are actually developing their critical thinking. It is proved when students submit their work or project.
According to Dr. Banerjee (2015) students gives more ideas about the task assigned to them in collaborative learning process. Each student has a very important role in having a collaborative work. Learning is what students “do” and not what they “get” as passive receivers. The teachers are the facilitators of the students and not the “giver” of knowledge. Through this process the students learn not by being fed the information, but rather giving their own insights on a certain topic as well as the insight of others.
A social constructivist viewpoint needs a view that teachers have a responsibility for understanding the nature and level of each child’s learning and to use that knowledge to build their practices in a way that is relevant for particular children in particular contexts. Such a viewpoint can notify practices for insertion that are based on a very dynamic model of children’s learning. Finally, contructivism 's utmost influence to education may be through the change in emphasis from knowledge as a creation to deliberate as a process. This legacy of constructivism to be expected demonstrates to be a fixed and significant modification in the structure of
It is one of the most effective forms of learning. Working in isolation is very restrictive and gives a slow progress. Critical thinking is also encouraged when learners work in groups. Through collaborative activities such as writing, debates, group projects and more they learn to work together and to respect each other contribution. The traditional relationship between student and teacher is changed with collaborative learning.