Religion In African Culture Essay

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Introduction
John S Mbiti asserts religion as being an ubiquitous element of African culture, such that it "colours their [African peoples] understanding of the universe... making life a profoundly religious experience" (Mbiti 1969: 4). As opposed to Abrahamic faiths, African religions are concerned more so with orthopraxy than orthodoxy - with participation, as manifest through rituals for example, being stressed upon in terms of devotion to ensure good fortune in the life of this world. As such, it serves as a function for both society at large and individuals - thus aligning with Milton Yinger's definition of religion as being "a system of beliefs and practices by means of which a group of people struggle with the ultimate problems of human life" (Milton Yinger 1970; 33).

Gender, on the other hand, constituting of socially desirable behaviours associated to the male and female sexes - according to some has been described as arriving to Africa "only recently"(Cole, CM, Manuh, T, & Miescher 2007: 3). This is exemplified in African languages, such as Yoruba and Swahili, being …show more content…

Zar cults of affliction , however, are commonplace in Ethiopa , Somalia, the Sudan, where in Hofriyat it is pronounced zahr which can be translated as "he became visible" (Janice Patricia Boddy 1989, 132) - as well as in North Africa, namely Egypt. Zar cults incorporates both indigenous belief of misfortune with the Islamic element of ghaib (the unseen) as manifest through a pantheon of possessive jinn. The symbiosis between the two provides a culturally appropriate explanation of why bad things happen, in that causality lies within the 'other' spirit world - in this case, with malevolent jinn. A further synergy is cited by Muslim adherents in that ultimately zar and the afflictions that come with it are amongst the creation of

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