Mugambi J. (1990) states that, "religion may be described as a system of belief and practice directed towards the ultimate concern of a society. " In other words, religion is understood as that which explains and expresses the value of society. John S Mbiti (2003 p 2) states that "Africa has a very rich heritage of what past generations of African peoples thought, did, experienced and passed on to their children". In another word the Ancestors passed to their children their believes, their ways of relating to the Supreme Being. One writer affirmed that "descendants are needed to fulfill the ultimate responsibility of maintaining the cult of the ancestors. " The cult of the ancestors is so dear to the African people. It is a heritage that the …show more content…
Africa is a home to numerous religions that come across to the continent. The title African Traditional Religion is given to the religion which are founded and practiced in Africa before the advent of Islam, Christianity and other minor religions which came later on in Africa, Kibicho (1978). He however stressed that the variations in African Traditional religions as it is witnessed from one ethnic group to the other, has made it very appropriate to call these, African Traditional religions, with a plural, to bring out the differences in these various religions, even though they may be minute.
With all this high sense of spirituality among Africans in the early times, it is very unfortunate, inconceivable, and senseless in a way to find out that Europeans had labeled our continent as “Dark” and called its people primitive, savages and uncivilized in the 18th and 19th Centuries. As result of that Africa has lost her own heritages. The culture and religion of the so called Muzungu were imposed to the Africans as whole. K. Stephen (1997,p20) gave an example of Malawi as he said that "In Malawi people have left their old religion, this being a step that was required of them in order for them to receive Christ the
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They are one of the largest ethnic groups of the Island. The Merina people trace their ancestry to Asia, Arab, and African origin. Malagasy the local language spoken among
Amadou Hampaté Bâ is extremely detailed throughout the book, The Fortunes of Wangrin, in explaining the colonial world in West African societies. He provides multiple examples in this work of fiction that precisely describe the factual aspects of African colonialism that we have discussed in class. I will point out a few of the examples that Bâ uses such as: limitations colonial governments set on Africans, the Métis relationships within colonies, and issues that arose, not only between Europeans and Africans, but within the native African communities as well. I will then point out certain details from the book that do not perfectly reflect the components of colonialism that we have studied in lecture.
This chapter addresses the central argument that African history and the lives of Africans are often dismissed. For example, the author underlines that approximately 50,000 African captives were taken to the Dutch Caribbean while 1,600,000 were sent to the French Caribbean. In addition, Painter provides excerpts from the memoirs of ex-slaves, Equiano and Ayuba in which they recount their personal experience as slaves. This is important because the author carefully presents the topic of slaves as not just numbers, but as individual people. In contrast, in my high school’s world history class, I can profoundly recall reading an excerpt from a European man in the early colonialism period which described his experience when he first encountered the African people.
In the 1880’s, Christianity have play an important role in African activities, most of the African people do not follow their ancestor custom. At this time people dressed like the European and the people also have access to modern
People generally agree that the religious life of African American forms the foundation of their community life. However, in the 1770s, less than 1% of African Americans were connected to a church. Was the church/ Christianity force upon African Americans while enslaved? Scholars estimated that about 30% of African Americans that came to the United States as slaves were Muslims while 70% practiced indigenous forms of worship. Today, in the 21st century, more than 87% of African Americans identify as Christian and claims that religion plays a major role in their everyday life.
The history of African American’s family structure during slavery which were every member of a family was sold to individual owners. Family structure is important to develop and cultivate in the African American culture. The tradition of hospitality in the southern African American culture implies the cultural values of the principles of the Christian faith. Everyone should show respect toward authority figures, parents, elders, and others.
In Basil Davidson’s video, “Different but Equal”, Davidson examines ancient Africa, and how Africans were perceived in ancient and modern times. Davidson discusses pre-colonized Africa and its history, and how racism prevailed in the past and in modern day. By discussing early civilizations, as well as modern day perspectives, Davidson allows the viewer to have expansive information on how individuals view Africans and their culture. In Davidson’s video, he discusses how people in the past have viewed Africa and African culture, and how that relates to our perception of Africa in modern times.
Comparison and Contrast Essay While the Indian Ocean and Trans-Saharan trade routes both encouraged and facilitated the spread of Islam, the Indian Ocean saw a more extensive diffusion of disease, and traded across water instead of land. Islam was a widespread religion amongst both trade routes, but other religions, like Buddhism, were not as popular along the Trans-Saharan route. Through the time period, we see evidence of Islam’s dominance in the form of muslim architecture and the rulers of the time period.
The word voodoo can be drawn since the 13th century in the Ghana, Mali, and Mauritania. Voodoo stemmed from the Fon language and by the 16th century, many West Africans worshipped a shrine of gods. Africans devoted their time into ancestor worship and ritual practices in order to help communicate with the spirits. Voodoo is most commonly known for the spiritual practice of black magic in West Africa. In addition, “Hoodoo which refers to an African traditional folk magic and Obeah derived from Central and West African origins,”(Tucker).
This excerpt is extremely important because it makes us better understand the status of African people, subdued by the European nations, and how the concept of slavery was perceived and addressed by
Raj Patel, a professor at the UC Berkeley Center for African Studies, brings forth both personal experience and recollection of
The world cannot appreciate the African identity unless they don 't embrace it themselves. It is also a message for non-Africans to remember their privileged histories and acknowledge its part in their social position in the present world as the issues of identity can not be addressed unless they look at the African community from the lens of their
The negative perceptions about Africa continued to persist in the 20th century and in the 1960’s Trevor Roper, an Oxford Professor cited that there was nothing worth of any value to be termed as African History. He further stated that what existed was only, “the history of the Europeans in
The Mapuche people’s spiritual beliefs is closely linked to their natural environment. Their religion is guided by the Machi. The Machi are spiritual leaders that are typically women, the also can be men. Their job is to communicate will the celestial family to maintain the harmony and to combat the powers of evil. With the sacred Kultrun, a drum, the Machi’s use their supernatural powers during their religious ceremonies to chase away evil and to ask for wellbeing.
Culture, an assortment of human activities and principles, leads a group of people with common beliefs and values; but after it was taken away by the Europeans, all they felt was lost and with no identity. (Arowolo 2010, 4) Colonialism caused an abrupt decline of culture and tradition in the colonies because the Europeans imposed a new culture on the African’s traditional one. Due to Africa’s subjugation and it being controlled by the Europeans, Western civilization and life style began shaping the colonies. (2) One can say that European culture is characterized by a Christian worldview and individualism. (7) Consequently, imperialism caused African cultural heritage to become replaced by a prosperous European-based one.
As noted by Parvati Raghuram "For many, religion relates primarily to belief systems with a commitment to some normative values and some social order" (Skeleton & Allen, 1999) . Religion offers a structure that facilitates honourable thinking and encourages individuals to act sincerely in a formidable