Non Renewable Energy Resources

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1.1 Background
The rate of a country’s growth and development is driven by the amount of energy available in that country. Global energy demand is increasing due to population increase and rapid industrialization which began in the 21st century (Dilip and Marika, 2009). As domestic and industrial systems make use of the available energy produced by energy systems, technological advancement is crucial for these systems to maximally utilize the available energy sources in the world; thus meet up with the expected demand. Energy source is generally classified as renewable and non renewable. Non-renewable source also called a finite source is a source of energy that does not renew itself at a sufficient rate for sustainable economic extraction …show more content…

An example is carbon-based organically derived fuel. The original organic material, with the aid of heat and pressure, becomes a fuel such as oil or gas. Fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, natural gas e.t.c are all non-renewable resources. Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a meaningful human time frame. Renewable energy resources include hydropower, biomass, geothermal, wind, solar e.t.c. These renewable energy sources have great potential to meet the world’s energy need of the future. It has been identified that, the proportion of renewable energy and non-renewable energy usage in the world has wide overlap (IEA, 2008).The world depends majorly on non-renewable energy sources to drive its economy. This dependence on non-renewable energy source is not enough to meet up with the growing energy demand and future energy security of …show more content…

The implication of this is that about 87% of renewable energy is needed in addition to 13% present renewable sources to replace non-renewable fossil fuel. Researchers have argued that it is not possible for renewable energy to replace this large percentage of energy occupied by non-renewable sources in the present human time scale due to the huge economic and technological challenge faced by renewable energy systems. Another argument is that fossil fuel will soon finish! Perhaps not completely true since more oil reserves are being discovered within time scale. However, based on Nigeria’s present fossil fuel reserve of 37.2billion barrel crude at an average production rate of 1 billion barrel annually and 187 Trillions of standard cubic feet (Tscf) of natural gas at an average production rate of 2.4 Trillions of standard cubic feet annually (Bala and Pam, 2012), it can be estimated that non-renewable fossil fuel resource will continue to be available for hundreds of years. Also, renewable biofuel is a welcome technological development for replenishing and producing natural gas from renewable sources. Technologies for mitigating climate change and reducing global warming caused by combustion of fossil fuel are being developed. A common method employed in such technology involves carbon dioxide capture and sequestration (Johnson, 2011). This

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