Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. It may be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically. In short the system of collecting data for research project is known as research methodology. This includes various steps that are generally adopted by a researcher in studying his research problem along with the logic behind them. It is necessary for the researcher to know not only the research methods/techniques but also the methodology.
Research methodology is the theoretical and systematic analysis of the methods used in a given research. The concept entails more than just the techniques of data collection. Research methodology is a systematic approach that helps to solve the research problem (Kumar 2005, p.44). Research methodology helps to identify which of the methods are relevant to apply, what they mean, why and when they should be used (Mackenzie 2006, p.3). It is a scientific way of analyzing how research is to be conducted.
One should spend enough time and understand the requirements and develop a proposal. “In general a proposal should contain an introduction which talks about the central research problem or opportunity and also its significance and the impact of outcomes proposed” (Hunt, et al, 1982). It must also contain a background and literature review details. Different sources of information should be used. Also mention different research design methods used and referred and should end with conclusion and also include the bibliography.
Methodology serves to explain the explicit and implicit assumptions adopted by the researcher during the entire research process. Methodology serves as the foundation upon which the entire research is built. The chosen research methodology then identifies, to a large extent, the research methods for data collection and data analysis (Creswell, 2003; Denzin and Lincoln, 2000). 3.4 Action Research Action research has been selected as an Inductive, qualitative methodology that is capable of exploring both facts and the meanings attributed to a social situation by the actors. Action research has been understood by board researchers in a diversity of habits but there are four topics in the literature.
I think quantitative research transforms the data to formulate facts in the research. There are many methods used to collect the data like surveys and systematic observations. For example, for my studying of employee attitudes towards job satisfaction in Oman Medical Specialty Board, I will distribute online surveys for the staff to measure their satisfaction on the
This paper will basically describe two general approaches to gathering research. Those approaches are qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative approach to research is focusing and understanding something from a closer perspective. The quantitative approach tends be seen in mannerism from a larger number of individuals who use survey methods. This paper will also reflect the difference between quantitative and qualitative research methods, as well as compare them.
Overall, a good research is depends on the ability of researchers to conceptualise ideas and how well others understand the concepts used. Qualitative research involves methods like Grounded Theory, Field Research, Ethnography and Phenomenology among others. The techniques involve interviews, documents and observation. In short, qualitative research relates to the social aspects and seeks to find answers question about the ‘why’, ‘how’ or ‘what’ phenomenon rather than ‘how many’ or ‘how much’. Other method used in the business environment includes using in depth interviews such as face-to-face or via telephone and focus group method.
A research method consists of four methods to gain data, which is questionnaire,interviews and observation. According to Bowling (2005) researcher need to consider the requirement of method of collecting data depends on the quality and accuracy. In this research study planned to use the questionnaire, focus group and interview method to gain in-depth information on the researcher topic “Reading and language development through play for Early years ESL Students”. Action Research
Firstly, both quantitative and qualitative methods involve the use of observations to address research questions (Onwuegbuzie & Leech 2005; Krauss, 2005). Both methodologies desctibe their data, construct explanatory arguments from their data and speculate about their outcomes. Secondly according to McGregor and Murnane (2010), most researchers incorporate safeguards into their research in order to minimize confirmation bias and other sources of invalidity that have the potential to prevail in every research study. This is prevalent in both research methodologies. Additionally, both quantitative and qualitative researchers use techniques to verify their data.
The important part of the research method is the philosophy, which is chosen considering the context and nature of the study. Some different research philosophies are there such as positivism, pragmatic, interpretivism, and realism. For this study, positivism research philosophy is used and in this method, the controlled approach is focused for the purpose of ensuring that is research study is discussing the context and purpose effectively (Bhattacharyya, 2006). With the help of this research philosophy, the researcher determines the topic and evaluates the method, which is most appropriate for the study under consideration. The purpose of selecting this approach is that it utilises statistical or mathematical method to analyse the data gathered.