The Resource-Based Approach

III.1. resource-based view:

Some theories have taken time to be tested and validated to finally arrive to be adopted as an academic theory which is the best consideration of the level of a theory .It is the case of resource-based view .this theory belongs to the strategic management field by focusing on resource use for the determination of performance in a prospective approach. According to Dickson (1996), the resource-based view takes an 'inside-out' view and explained in the context of the position and place in the market why companies succeed while others fail.

The principle of resource-based view discussed the question of why enterprises are different and how they can achieve competitive advantage through their resources.

To answer this

A firm must have access to the appropriate capabilities to effectively use, or exploit, a resource.

competitive advantage • is generally conceptualized as the implementation of a strategy not currently being implemented by other firms that facilitates the (1) reduction of costs, (2) the exploitation of market opportunities, and/or (3) the neutralization of competitive threats (Barney, 1991).

results from the deployed combination of resources and capabilities (Penrose, 1959).

performance is generally conceptualized as rents (economic profits) a firm accrues as a result of the implementation of its strategies (Rummelt, Schendel, and Teece, 1994).

results from the deployment of resource-capability combinations to produce advantage (Powell, 2001).

Source: table crafted after the analysis of the literature

III.2. The competency based

All these topics belong to the competency based approach. So much has been written about this topic that we can have trouble understanding the usefulness of this approach.

In general, the competency based approach entails the putting together of all the knowledge, know-how and attitude required for the solution of real life problems or situations. In the business context, this approach is one of the tools necessary for realizing performance and strategic organizational goals of an enterprise.According to Michelmore and Rowely (2010), competency is a concept that has many faces.

This is a concept that can be viewed differently within an organization. Its consideration depends on the strategic and the human resources perspective.

This approach is mainly used in two levels or departments of an enterprise. The human resources and management departments are responsible of the establishment and implementation of competency based approach. All this brings us to the necessity of coordination between these two departments.

From a human resources perspective, it’s necessary for an organization to identify, evaluate and develop key employee’s competences for being more competitive and achieve competitive